EPPP Study Flashcards
Cigarette smokers face barriers to quitting, including:
fear of failure, fear of withdrawal symptoms, and fear of gaining weight
Weight gain during the first few months post-cessation is common, and some withdrawal symptoms include irritability, anger, anxiety, impaired concentration, depressed mood, and insomnia.
involves episodic binge eating followed by induced vomiting, the use of laxatives or diuretics, and/or excessive exercising.
Bulimia
disorder involves repeated regurgitation and rechewing of food.
Rumination
A 35-year old client has a history of relationship problems. Although he usually makes a good first impression, his friendships don’t last very long. He attributes this problem to the fact that other people are jealous of what he has accomplished. The client has a great idea that will “revolutionize the field of telemarketing,” but, so far, no one has recognized the potential importance of his contribution. He left his wife six months ago and spends very little time with his two-year old son. He has been busy “doing what he wants to do,” which has included moving into an expensive condominium, buying a new sports car, and dating as many attractive women as possible. These characteristics are most suggestive of:
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
The man’s primary symptoms are grandiosity and lack of empathy. These are core features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
presence of pervasive social and interpersonal deficits and eccentricities in cognition, perception, and behavior.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
To reduce the risk of relapse for a 23-year-old man who has been hospitalized with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia and who will now be returning home to live with his parents, the best intervention would be:
family therapy plus pharmacotherapy
The therapeutic effects of antipsychotic drugs are augmented when they are combined with family therapy. One target of family therapy is high expressed emotion by family members, which has been linked to an increased risk for relapse. Research results have demonstrated that family therapy is more effective than individual therapy as an intervention for schizophrenia.
frican Americans have a higher incidence of hallucinations and delusions that may be associated with other disorders such as
mania, depression, and alcohol abuse.
More recent research findings suggest that higher rates of Schizophrenia among African Americans are most likely attributable to the misdiagnosis of hallucinations and delusions.
Intense narcoleptic “sleep attacks” are often accompanied by:
cataplexy
Narcolepsy involves frequent intense periods of irresistible sleep. Narcolepsy sleep attacks may include cataplexy, which is a sudden loss of muscle tone.
caused by long-term use of neuroleptic drugs, which are used to treat psychiatric conditions.
Tardive dyskinesia
a degenerative disease of the nervous system.
Ataxia
Symptoms of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder may be comorbid with other mental health disorders. However, this diagnosis cannot coexist with:
Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, or Bipolar Disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) involves severe recurrent temper outbursts. This diagnosis CANNOT coexist with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Intermittent Explosive Disorder, or Bipolar Disorder, though it can coexist with others, including Major Depressive Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, or Substance Use Disorders. Thus, individuals whose symptoms meet the criteria for both DMDD and ODD should only be given the diagnosis of DMDD.
The presence of which of the following is more suggestive of a diagnosis of Malingering than of Factitious Disorder?
The motive for symptom production is to obtain an external reward.
The motivation underlying the production of symptoms in Malingering is to obtain an external reward (e.g., to obtain a drug or avoid a specific activity). In Factitious Disorder, symptoms are produced or faked even in the absence of an external reward for doing so. Symptoms are intentionally produced in both disorders
Reported concordance rates for Schizophrenia for identical (monozygotic) twins range from:
45 to 50%
A genetic contribution to Schizophrenia is supported by research showing that, as genetic similarity increases, concordance rates increase. The reported concordance rates for Schizophrenia vary somewhat from study to study, but most report a rate between 45-50% for identical twins.
Dysphoria, vivid and frightening dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, psychomotor agitation or retardation, and increased appetite are most suggestive of __________ Withdrawal.
Stimulant
involves a dysphoric mood, increased appetite, and insomnia; however, its other characteristic symptoms are irritability, anxiety, impaired concentration, and restlessness.
Tobacco Withdrawal
dysphoric mood; however, additional symptoms include nausea and vomiting, muscle aches, diarrhea, and fever.
Opioid Withdrawal
It is often difficult to distinguish between delirium, dementia (major neurocognitive disorder), and depression in older adults. However, the presence of which of the following suggests that delirium is the appropriate diagnosis?
A disturbance in attention and awareness
A diagnosis of delirium requires a disturbance in attention and awareness plus a disturbance in cognition (e.g., memory deficit, disorientation, perceptual abnormality). Memory impairment is characteristic of all three disorders.
Deficits in executive cognitive functioning are characteristic of
dementia.
The primary advantage of the DSM’s use of polythetic criteria sets is that this approach:
reflects the heterogeneity of symptoms characteristic of many diagnoses
Most diagnoses in the DSM-5 have a polythetic criterion set, which means that an individual is required to exhibit only a subset of the diagnostic criteria for a specific diagnosis to be assigned the diagnosis. An assumption underlying the use of polythetic criteria sets in the DSM-5 is that people with the same disorder are heterogeneous, presenting with different constellations of symptoms. In other words, while individuals with the same diagnosis share some symptoms, they may differ regarding others.
occurs when a person believes that his or her thoughts, words, or actions will affect a specific outcome in a way that defies laws of cause and effect.
Magical thinking
belief that events, objects, or other people have a special or unusual significance for oneself.
Idea of reference
diagnosed when a person’s symptoms are a reaction to an identifiable psychosocial stressor, when symptoms have persisted for no more than six months since the termination of the stressor or its consequences, and when the symptoms are interfering with the person’s occupational and/or social functioning or the distress is out of proportion to the severity or intensity of the stressor.
Adjustment Disorder