Epi Mix I 1601-1800 Flashcards
Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in badgers
T
Mycobacterium caprae can infect only goats
F
Tuberculosis lesions in the lymph node are common in the early generalization
T
The habitat of the obligate pathogenic Mycobacteria is the environment
F
Mycobacteria are obligate intracellular bacteria
T
Waxes can be found in the cell wall of Mycobacteria
T
Only Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause tuberculosis in humans
F
Neutrophil granulocytes can be typically found in tubercles
F
Necrosis can be seen in the tubercles
T
The habitat of saprophytic, facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria is the environment
T
Saprophytic, facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria cannot colonize mammals
F
The cell wall of mycobacteria contains mycolic acid
T
The tuberculin contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens
F
The cell wall of mycobacteria contains large amount of lipopolysaccharide
T
Mycobacteria can replicate only in animals
F i think
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in parrots
T
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes generalized tuberculosis in badgers
T
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in poultry
F
All mycobacteria can replicate in the environment
F
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis in wild living ruminants
T
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis in wild boars
T
If the increase of the thickness of the skin fold in the tuberculin test is 1.9 mm the reaction is positive
F
The skin intradermal tuberculin test is a Type IV. hypersensitivity reaction
T
Mycobacteria can survive in the environment only for a few days
F
Atypical mycobacteria can cause lesions in pigs
T
Mycobacteria caprae can infect cattle, other ruminants and swine
T
Saprophytic, facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cannot cause tuberculosis
F
Only cattle maintain bovine tuberculosis
F
Obligate pathogenic Mycobacteria can only reproduce in the infected body
T
Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can cause tuberculosis in fishes
T
Mycobacteria are not resistant, they can survive in the environment for maximum of two days
F
Mycobacterium suis is the most frequent agent of tuberculosis of pigs
F
Facultative pathogenic mycobacteria can colonize the gut of pigs
T
Sometimes facultative pathogenic mycobacteria cause lesions in pig
T
Mycobacteria can survive in the environment
T
Mycobacteria cannot be cultured
F
Waxes and lipids in the mycobacteria are virulence factors
T
The agent of avian tuberculosis is an obligate pathogenic bacterium
T
Tuberculin test is an allergic test
T
Mycobacteria can be cultured, but their incubation time is long
T
Tuberculosis is diagnosed by detecting antibodies to M. bovis in the blood with ELISA
F
The center of the tubercle is necrotized
T
The tubercle consists of histiocytes and foreign body giant cell.
T
The causative agents of tuberculosis are obligate pathogenic bacteria
T
Köster staining is a special staining for Mycobacteria
F
Mycobacteria are highly resistant
T
Early generalization of mycobacteria occurs via lympho-hematogenous route
T
In dogs’ tuberculosis can be generalized
T
Late generalization can be characterized by lost resistance
T
In the tubercle, coagulation necrosis is seen
T
In the phase of early generalization Mycobacteria do not replicate in the lymph node
F
Mycobacteria are a worldwide disease
T
Chronic tuberculosis causes changes in the lymph node
F
Mycobacteria can be demonstrated from the discharge of sick animals by staining
T
Tuberculosis can be demonstrated earliest by ELISA
F
Tuberculosis can first be diagnosed by PCR
F
Tuberculosis can be diagnosed with certainty serology
F
Mycobacterium infection in pigs can be zoonotic
T
Mycobacterium spp. in swine can be caused by atypical mycobacteria
T
Mycobacteria in swine can be caused by M. bovis and produces localized lesions
T
M. tuberculosis is a common mycobacterium infection of pig
F
Sawdust bedding can predispose pigs to infection by facultative pathogenic mycobacteria
T
The habitat of pathogenic mycobacteria is the soil
F
The habitat of facultative pathogenic mycobacteria is the soil
F
Only cattle are susceptible to Mycobacterium bovis
F
Some facultative pathogenic Mycobacteria can cause tuberculosis in cold blooded animals
T
Mainly proliferative lesions can be seen in the late generalization phase of bovine tuberculosis
F
Bovine tuberculosis is sustained by infected animals
T
Fresh tuberculosis lesions in the lymph nodes are common in the early generalization
T
Infected cattle shed the agents of bovine tuberculosis in milk
T
Infected cattle shed the agents of bovine tuberculosis in tracheal discharge
T
Infection of cattle with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is frequently asymptomatic
T
The sensitivity of the intradermal tuberculin test is above 90% in cattle
T
If the tuberculin test is negative, it has to be repeated immediately
F
The tuberculin test in cattle can be false negative if the animal is infected with facultative pathogenic mycobacteria
F
The tuberculin test in cattle can be false negative if the animal is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
F
The tuberculin test in cattle can be false negative if the animal is in the exhaust phase
T
The tuberculin has to be injected in the skin fold in the skin intra dermal test
T
The tuberculin test is used for the detection of infection of animals with mycobacteria
T
The intradermal tuberculin test is negative if the increase of the thickness of the skin is 1.8 mm and there are no local lesions or signs
T
The intradermal tuberculin test is positive if the increase of the thickness of the skin is 3.6 mm and there are local lesions or signs
T
The intradermal tuberculin test is negative if the increase of the thickness of the skin is 3.6 mm and there is no local lesions or signs
T
If the resistance of the animal is high, mainly exudative lesions of tuberculosis can be seen
F
In the case of bovine tuberculosis aerogenic infection is the most frequent way of infection
T
In the case of bovine tuberculosis always exudative lesions can be seen
F
Selection (test & slaughter) and generation shift methods can be used for eradication of bovine tuberculosis
T
Europe is free from bovine tuberculosis; bovine tuberculosis does not occur in Europe at all
F
Rifampicin is frequently used for the treatment of bovine tuberculosis
F
The thermal tuberculin test can be used in order to examine the organic reaction of bovine tuberculosis
T
The tuberculin test in cattle can be false negative if only short time (1-3 weeks) has passed since the infection
T
Positive reaction of the tuberculin test in cattle can be caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
T
False positive reactions of the tuberculin test in cattle can be caused by infection with certain Corynebacterium species
T
Mycobacterium bovis is an agent of bovine tuberculosis
T
If the cellular immune reaction of cattle is weak, mainly exudative lesions of tuberculosis can be seen
T
Bovine tuberculosis cause mainly exudative lesions in calves below 1 month
F
In case of infection with mycobacterium bovis the reaction against bovine and avian tuberculin is about the same in cattle
F
Cough is a typical clinical sign of bovine pulmonary tuberculosis
T
Mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium caprae belong to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
T
The incubation time of bovine tuberculosis is 1-2 weeks
F
Mycobacterium bovis can cause generalized tuberculosis in pigs
T
The skin intradermal tuberculin test has to be read 24 hours after injection
F
Dermatitis nodosa is caused by mycobacterium bovis
F
Only aerosol infection occurs in the case of bovine tuberculosis
F
The skin intradermal tuberculin test can be repeated within a week if necessary
F
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis in humans
T
The primary complex of bovine tuberculosis is generally seen in the gastrointestinal tract
F
False positive reactions of the tuberculin test in cattle can be caused by pre-allergy
F
In the intradermal skin test for tuberculosis, other mycobacteria can cause false positive
T
The skin intra-dermal tuberculin test is a type IV hyper-sensitivity test
T
Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae can cause bovine tuberculosis.
T
The tuberculin skin test is positive if the skin thickness is 2mm and local signs such as severe oedema of the neck is present
T
In the exhaust phase of Tuberculosis, the tuberculin test can be false positive
F
The primary complex in bovine tuberculosis is mainly in the respiratory tract
T
The tuberculin test is inconclusive if the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is 3.2 mm and it is painful
F
The tuberculin test is negative for 3 weeks after infection
T
Cattle are vaccinated every year in order to prevent tuberculosis
F
The tuberculin reaction is positive if the increase of the thickness of the skin fold is 4.1 mm
T
If the increase of thickness of the skin fold in the tuberculin test is 4.1 mm, the reaction is inconclusive
F
If the positive tuberculin reaction is caused by facultative pathogenic mycobacteria the positivity will disappear after a few months
T
Cough is a frequent sign of bovine tuberculosis
T
Intestinal tuberculosis has no clinical signs in cattle
F
Badgers can infect cattle with Mycobacterium bovis
T
Vaccines are widely used to prevent bovine tuberculosis
F
Mycobacterium bovis cannot cause tuberculosis in pigs
F
Mycobacterium bovis can infect cage birds
T
Parallergy lasts lifelong in the case of cattle
F
Inhalation is the most frequent form of infection in the case of bovine tuberculosis
T
Parallergy results in false negative reaction in the tuberculin test
F
If the thickness of the skin is increased with 3.4 mm in the tuberculin test and local lesions are present, test is inconclusive
F
Tuberculotic cattle are treated with antibiotics for at least three weeks
F
The skin intradermal tuberculin test has to be read after 72 h
T
If the intradermal tuberculin test is inconclusive, it has to be repeated within a week
F
If the skin fold become 3 mm thicker in the skin intradermal tuberculin test and is painful, the test is positive
T
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium can cause positive tuberculin reaction in cattle
T
At bovine tuberculosis the resistance of the infected animals effects the clinical manifestation
T
At most cases bovine tuberculosis has a rapid, acute progression
F
Bovine tuberculosis shows clinical signs mainly under the age of 6 months
F
The main pathogen causing bovine tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis
F
Bovine tuberculosis only affects the lungs
F
Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonosis
T
Tuberculosis causes generalized disease by organic infection in cattle
T
Tuberculosis cannot infect cattle per os
F
Tuberculosis in cattle occurs especially in young animals
F
Cattle tuberculosis can be diagnosed by serological methods
F
Cattle tuberculosis is always generalized
F
Tuberculosis in cattle is prevented with frequent vaccinations
F
Cattle are infected with M. bovis mainly per os and enteric tuberculosis is most frequent
F
Cattle infected with M. bovis will carry the bacterium for a maximum of 1 year
F
In intestinal tuberculosis, diarrhoea is the main clinical sign
T
In the case of bovine tuberculosis foetuses are generally not infected
T
Generation shift can be used for eradication of tuberculosis
T
Vaccination of 6-month-old calves with BCG vaccine will result eradication of tuberculosis
F
After infection with Mycobacterium bovis cattle remain lifelong carriers
T
The primary complex in cattle is generally in the lungs and the mediastinal lymph nodes
T
In cattle extrapulmonary tuberculosis does not occur
F
Late generalization is characterized by productive processes
F
Chronic tuberculosis affects organs together with lymph nodes
T
The skin intradermal tuberculin test is negative if the thickness of the skin increased by 4.5 mm
F
Tuberculin test can detect about 50% of the infected animals
F
The skin intradermal tuberculin test is highly sensitive in cattle
T
The skin intradermal tuberculin test is negative if the thickness of the skin increased by 4.1 mm
F
In case of positive tuberculin reactions in a herd, movement restriction has to be implemented
T
The PPD-tuberculin (purified protein derivative) contains the antigenic abstract of the agent
T
During the general tuberculin test we give the tuberculin SC or IV
F
General tuberculin test is used to trigger a hypersensitivity reaction
T
The tuberculin test can be false negative in cattle within 3 weeks after infection
T
The intradermal tuberculin test can be: False positive in case of infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
T
The intradermal tuberculin test can be: False negative in case of anergy
T
The intradermal tuberculin test can be: False negative in case of pre-allergy
T
The intradermal tuberculin test can be: False negative in case of older, demarcated nodule
T
Tuberculin test is false negative in case of old, encapsulated lesions
T
Tuberculin test is false negative in case of pre-infection
T
At the end of the disease the probe/intradermal skin test can be negative
T
In other types of tuberculosis infections the intradermal tuberculin can be positive
T
Using the thermal tuberculin test, organic reactions can be increased
T
In case of para-allergic reaction we carry out the comparative tuberculin test. In case of para-allergic reaction we eliminate the positive animals immediately
T
In case of para-allergic reaction we perform a test-cut.
F
In addition to para-allergic test we can carry out a gamma interferon test
T
In the case of avian tuberculosis, no tubercles are formed
F
Avian tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium gallinarum
F
Avian tuberculosis is a generalised disease
T
The most severe form of avian tuberculosis can be seen in 1-4 week old chicken
F
The agent of avian tuberculosis infects animals generally per os
F
Mycobacterium avium subsp avium causes tuberculosis in humans
F
Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium causes avian tuberculosis
T
The agent of avian tuberculosis can survive in the soil for several months
T
Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian tuberculosis
T
Clinical signs of avian tuberculosis can be seen in old birds
T
Poultry are widely vaccinated for the prevention of avian tuberculsosis
F
Avian tuberculosis is very frequent in large scale poultry farms
F
The causative agent of avian tuberculosis is a resistant bacterium
T
Avian tuberculosis is mainly seen in chicken below 2 months of age
F
In case of avian tuberculosis tubercles can be seen in liver and spleen
T
Avian tuberculosis is treated with penicillin and tetracyclines
F
Only Mycobacterium avium subsp. Avium can infect birds
F
Avian tuberculosis has been eradicated in Europe
F
Avian tuberculosis can be typically seen in old, adult birds
F
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause clinical signs in some bird species
T
The agent of avian tuberculosis cannot survive in the environment, its resistance is low
F
Avian tuberculosis usually occurs at 6-8 weeks of age
F
