Epi Mix D 601-800 Flashcards
Maedi/visna virus is shed only in the tracheal discharge
F
Clinical signs of maedi are generally seen above 3-4 years of age
T
Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus can cause persistent infection
T
Sheep are resistant against caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
F
Arthritis caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is mainly seen in lambs
Arthritis caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is mainly seen in lambs
Encephalitis caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is generally seen in 2-4 month old kids
T
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus can be transmitted by milk
T
There is intensive vaccination against Caprine arthritis encephalitis in endemic countries
F
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is more frequent in dairy goats than in rural breeds
T
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is shed in the milk
T
In the case of caprine arthritis encephalitis the signs of encephalitis can be seen in 2-4 months old kids
T
In the case of caprine arthritis encephalitis, arthritis is less frequent than encephalitis
F
Kids are recommended to be isolated in a herd where caprine arthritis encephalitis is present
T
Kids can be infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus through the milk
T
Arthritis caused by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is typically seen in kids below half a year of age
F
Caprine arthritis encephalitis is characterized by CNS signs in young goats
T
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus replicates in the intestinal tract
F
Equine infectious anaemia virus is transmitted with blood of the infected animals.
T
Blood sucking arthropods can transmit Equine infectious anaemia virus
T
Mosquitoes are the main vectors of equine infectious anaemia virus; the virus can replicate in them
F
Agar gel diffusion test is used to detect antibodies against equine infectious anaemia
T
Equine infectious anaemia is an acute disease; it does not have a chronic form
F
Iatrogenic transmission of Equine infectious anaemia can happen
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus can damage the bone marrow
T
There are no vaccines for the prevention of equine infectious anaemia
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus is more resistant than other retroviruses
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus disappears from animals after the viraemia
F
Fever is a major clinical sign of equine infectious anaemia
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus is resistant, it can survive several months in the environment
T
Only Equidae are susceptible to equine infectious anaemia virus
T
Ticks are vectors of equine infectious anaemia virus
F
Febrile waves can be seen in equine infectious anaemias
T
Equine infectious anaemia is a vector borne disease
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus causes persistent infection
T
There is no immune reaction in the case of equine infectious anaemia
F
Equine infectious anaemia is zoonotic
F
Equine infectious anaemia is caused by a lentivirus
T
Blood sucking arthropods are mechanical vectors of equine infectious anaemia virus.
T
Agar gel precipitation test can be used to the detection of antibodies against equine infectious anaemia virus.
T
Equine infectious anaemia can damage the medulla of the bone.
T
Equine infectious anaemia has a weak resistance
F
You cannot diagnose Equine infectious anaemia with serology
F
The resistance of equine infectious anaemia is very low
F
Horses and cattle are susceptible to equine infectious anaemia virus
F
In the case of equine infectious anaemia, haemorrhages cannot be seen
F
Animals infected with equine infectious anaemia virus are lifelong carriers.
T
Equine infectious anaemia virus is mainly transmitted with tracheal discharge
F
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of equine infectious anaemia
F
Equine infectious anaemia can be asymptomatic
T
Equine infectious anaemia may cause recurrent fever in horses
T
Horseflies are mechanical vectors equine anaemia virus
T
Equine anaemia is a notifiable disease
T
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax have to be killed, treatment is not allowed
F
The agent of anthrax is spreading in the herd very fast from animal to animal
F
Anthrax is frequently a peracute disease in cattle
T
Anthrax is caused by Clostridium anthracis
F
Enlargement of the spleen is a frequent postmortem lesion of anthrax
T
Anthrax can occur only in ruminants
F
Anthrax can be diagnosed by staining blood smear
T
Anthrax is zoonosis
T
Incomplete blood clotting is a typical postmortem finding in the case of anthrax
T
Animals are infected with the agent of anthrax mainly per os
T
There are no vaccines for the prevention of Anthrax
F
Anthrax can cause clinical signs in pigs
T
Horses are resistant to Anthrax
F
Generally live vaccines are used for the prevention of anthrax
T
There is a metachromatic staining in the case of Bacillus Anthracis
T
Capsule and oedema factor are virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis
T
Carbon dioxide is needed to the spore production of Bacillus Anthracis
F
Capsule is a virulence factor of the agent of anthrax
T
Pigs are more susceptible to anthrax than sheep
F
Oedema factor is a virulence factor of the agent of anthrax
T
Human anthrax cannot be treated with antibiotics
F
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of Anthrax
F
Only herbivorous animals can show clinical signs of Anthrax
F
The spore of Bacillus anthracis can survive several decades in the soil
T
Bacillus Anthracis cannot produce spores in the infected animals
T
Dogs are more susceptible to Bacillus Anthracis than sheep
F
Europe is already free from anthrax
F
Cattle are infected with B. anthracis mainly from the soil
T
Anthrax is a per-acute or acute diseases in cattle
T
Colic is a typical clinical sign of anthrax in horses
T
Anthrax can be diagnosed with microscopic examination of blood
T
Bacillus anthracis main virulence factor is in the capsule
T
Bacillus anthracis spores: after 1 hour of boiling they are still alive
T
Bacillus anthracis makes spores only without oxygen
F
Anthrax important symptom is high fever
T
If the animals have Anthrax and they have a fever, you have to vaccinate them immediately
F
For anthrax we use inactive vaccine
F
Humans infected with Anthrax, primarily per os
F
Bacillus anthracis, herbivores are especially susceptible
T
Bacillus anthracis is not in pig
F
Anthrax spreads rapidly in a herd
F
Bacillus anthracis is in the soil
T
In anthrax, tracheitis common in carnivores
F
Anthrax causes necrotic foci in liver
F
Anthrax diagnosis with blood/staining
T
Anthrax cannot occur in dogs and cats
F
The agent of anthrax can infect only herbivorous animals
F
The agent of anthrax is not spreading from animal to animal
T
There is a septicaemia in cattle in the case of anthrax
T
Anthrax is caused by Bacillus bovin
F
The capsule of the agent of anthrax is polypeptide
T
Anaerobic conditions are needed to the spore formation of the agent of anthrax
F
Pigs are the most susceptible animals to the agent of anthrax.
F
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax are not allowed to be treated with antibiotics
F
Only capsulated strains of Bacillus anthracis can cause anthrax
T
Oedema factor and lethal factor are important virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis
T
The clinical signs of anthrax in pigs are more severe than in cattle
F
Dogs and cats are resistant against the agent of anthrax
F
Only capsulated strain of B. anthracis is virulent
T
Toxin is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
T
Lethal factor is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
T
Cell wall antigen is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F
Oxygen is needed to the spore production of B. anthracis
T
Spore is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F
B. anthracis can cause blackleg
F
Anthrax is generally seen as a chronic disease in cattle
F
In case of anthrax, febrile animals have to be separated and vaccinated
F
Animals with anthrax can be treated with penicillin
T
B. anthracis can only be diagnosed by bacterial culture
F
B. anthracis can only be diagnosed by Ascoli test.
F
Animals suspected of being infected with anthrax should be vaccinated
T
Animals infected with anthrax should be treated with antibiotics
T
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, protective antigen
T
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, cilia
F
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, oedema factor
T
Virulence factors of anthrax: capsule, toxin, cell wall antigen
F
Anthrax is an epidemic disease that rapidly develops
F
Anthrax is a quickly spreading, contagious infectious disease
F
For lab examination of Anthrax you always have to send a spleen sample
F
Animals can only be infected by anthrax on the pasture
F
Sheep, cattle, and goats are the most sensitive animals to anthrax infection.
T
Flagella is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
F
The source of anthrax infection on animals is generally the soil
T
Anthrax appears generally in the form of a local infection in pigs
T
Fever is a typical sign of acute anthrax
T
Anthrax can be prevented by using a live vaccine.
T
Anthrax is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
F
Anthrax is not spreading from animal to animal
T
Ruminants are the most sensitive to anthrax
T
Animals suffering from anthrax should be treated with antibiotics and hyperimmune sera, they should not be slaughtered
T
Causative agent of anthrax is spore-forming bacterium in air
F
Anthrax spreads in a herd by direct contact
F
In order to diagnose anthrax all carcasses have to be dissected
F
Anthrax is an acute disease in cattle with high fever
T
Swine is highly susceptible in anthrax
F
Splenic fever causes suffocation
T
Splenic fever in cattle is a per-acute/acute disease
T
Splenic fever is similar in every species
F
Carnivorous animals are resistant to Bacillus anthracis
F
Incomplete clotting of the blood is a post mortem lesion of anthrax
T
Fibrinous pneumonia is a common post mortem lesion of anthrax
F
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax have to be treated with antibiotics immediately
T
Horses are more susceptible to Bacillus anthracis than pigs
T
Only vaccinated animals are allowed to graze on pastures infected with Bacillus anthracis
T
Gastric juice can kill Bacillus anthracis in the meat, so per os infection does not occur in humans
F
Most clostridia have low invasive capacity
T
Spores of clostridia are generally very resistant against heat
T
The habitat of clostridia is the gut and the soil
T
Clostridia are obligate aerobic bacteria
F
Clostridium perfringens is an obligate pathogenic bacterium
F
Clostridium perfringens can produce main and auxillary toxins
T
Extracellular enzymes and toxins are virulence factors of clostridia
T
There are no vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by clostridia
F
Clostridium is anaerobe spore forming bacteria
T
Clostridium bacteria is not in the environment, because it cannot tolerate oxygen
F
Clostridium spreads usually rapid in a herd
F
Clostridium spread mostly with insecticides
F
Clostridium difficile can be treated with metronidazole
T
Clostridium difficile is seen in foal and piglets
T
Many Clostridium species have flagella
F
Clostridium species are only found in the subtropics
F
Clostridium can cause severe contagious diseases
F
Clostridium are obligate pathogens
F
Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of malignant oedema
T
Cl. chauvoei is the agent of malignant oedema
F
Lesions of malignant oedema are mainly seen in the large muscles
T
Malignant oedema is generally endogenous in cattle
F
Malignant oedema is generally a consequence of wound infection
T
Movement difficulties are frequently seen in the case of malignant oedema
T
Clostridium novyi can cause malignant oedema
T
Malignant oedema can be diagnosed based on clinical signs
F
Malignant oedema is caused due to wound infection
T
Malignant oedema is only in ruminants
F
Malignant oedema, one of the clinical signs is lameness/movement problems
T
Malignant oedema, attenuated vaccine for prevention
F
Clostridium channel is the agent of malignant oedema
F
Clostridium septicum is an agent of malignant oedema
T
Clostridium histolyticum can cause malignant oedema
T
Agents of malignant oedema can be detected by bacterium culture
T
There are no vaccines for the prevention of malignant oedema
F
Malignant oedema occurs in ruminants and pigs
T
Malignant oedema is an acute fatal disease
T
Malignant oedema can be treated with antibiotics
T
Malignant oedema can occur in any warm-blooded animal
T
Once an area is infected with gas gangrene re-occurrence is common
T
Malignant oedema cannot occur in swine
F
Malignant oedema usually develop following an endogenous infection
F
Malignant oedema is well treated with long-term antibiotics therapy
F
