Epi Mix AB 5401-5600 Flashcards
Genetic reassortments may cause significant antigenic changes in reovirus strains
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Orbiviruses are serologically uniform
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Orbiviruses are mainly arboviruses
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Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents and detergents
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Orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis of horses
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Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves
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Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in cattle
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Avian orthoreo –and rotaviruses can cause runting sunting syndrome in chickens
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Avian orthoreoviruses cause mainly nephritis and encephalitis
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Infection of adult birds with orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical
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Avian orthoreoviruses usually transmitted by germinative route
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Avian orthoreoviruses can cause damages in the bursa Fabricii
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Mammalian orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis only in suckling animals
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Orthoreovirus can cause tenosynovitis in pigs
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Avian orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds
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Tenosynovitis is one of the most frequent manifestations of avian orthoreovirus infections
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Trypsin-sensititive avian orthoreovirus usually cause respiratory disease in birds
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Yolk immunity does not influence the efficacy of vaccination against avian orthoreovirus
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Avian orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds
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Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infection in poultry
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Orthoreoviruses can be detected by haemagglutination test.
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Trypsin resistant strains of Avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause diarrhoea
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Trypsin sensitive strains of avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis
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Horses usually develop lethal hemorrhagic enteritis in Orthoreovirus infections
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Orthoreoviruses can cause encephalitis in cattle
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Avian orthoreoviruses can cause poult enteritis-mortality syndrome (PEMS).
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Infectious tenosynovitis can be prevented by vaccination
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Avian orthoreoviruses infect only via inhalation and parenterally
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Avian orthoreoviruses only infect via PO infections
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All Avian orthoreoviruses can spread germinatively
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Helicopter disease causes feather problems
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Orthoreovirus infections cause immunosuppression in birds
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Tenosynovitis is a frequent sign of Avian Orthoreovirus infection
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Orthoreovirus mainly infects younger animals
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Orthoreovirus causes respiratory and GI disease
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Tenosynovitis is caused by only one Orthoreovirus
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Rotaviruses are sensitive to environmental conditions
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Rotavirus infection is sporadic within the herd
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Rotavirus only infects mammals
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Clinical signs of rotavirus infection are usually seen in animals older than 2 weeks of age
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Swine is not susceptible to rotavirus infection
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Rotaviruses predispose to E.Coli infection in suckling piglets
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Rotaviruses are shed in the faeces in high titres
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Rotavirus infection results in high mortality
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Avian rotaviruses are transmitted by germinative infection
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Losses due to rotavirus infection of young animals can be prevented by colostrum feeding
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Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young (1-2 weeks old) animals
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Rotaviruses damage the mucosa of the large intestines
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Rotaviruses are serologically uniform
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Rotaviruses are typically transmitted via the faecal oral route
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Swine rotavirus infection is frequently followed by E. coli secondary infection in piglets
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Avian rotaviruses can cause tenosynovitis
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Rotaviral enteritis of calves can be prevented by immunization of pregnant cows
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Rotaviruses can cause chronic enteritis and persistent infection
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Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle
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Rotaviruses mainly cause respiratory disease in older animals
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Rotaviruses typically cause respiratory disease in 3-6 month old calves
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Rotavirus is species specific
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Rotaviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis in birds
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Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent rotavirus infections
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Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas
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Rodents serve as reservoirs of bluetongue
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Ibaraki disease is clinically very similar to bluetongue
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Ibaraki disease virus can be used to immunize cattle against bluetongue
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Lameness is a frequent symptom of bluetongue in sheep
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Bluetongue virus can cause bloody diarrhoea in lambs
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Bluetongue is named after cyanosis of the tongue
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The bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/ gnats
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Cattle can carry the bluetongue virus for years without symptoms
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Wild birds play the most important role in the distribution of bluetongue
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In Europe vaccination of small ruminants against bluetongue is mandatory
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Bluetongue virus is also foetopathic
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Bluetongue virus may cause foetal developmental problems
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Lameness and abortion are signs of bluetongue
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Bluetongue occurs only in Africa and Australia
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Bluetongue is transmitted by ticks
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Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks
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Bluetongue can be transmitted by semen
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Goats are more resistant to the bluetongue than sheep
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Goats are not susceptible to bluetongue virus
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Vaccination against Bluetongue results serotype specific immunity
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Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa
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Bluetongue virus infects also horses and dogs
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Endothelial damages are the most important causes of the clinical signs of bluetongue
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A serotype 8 of bluetongue virus strain caused severe outbreak in Europe in 2006-2009
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Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur is summer and autumn
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Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine
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Bluetongue causes transient infection in cattle
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Bluetongue vaccines induce serotype-specific immunity
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Bluetongue is named after the pseudo-melanosis of the tongue
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Bluetongue infects also horses and dogs
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Ibaraki disease virus immunizes against bluetongue
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Bluetongue disease is present only in tropical and sub-tropical countries
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Wild birds are the natural reservoir host of the Bluetongue virus
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In utero Bluetongue virus infection may result in immunotolerance
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The most severe clinical manifestation of Bluetongue disease is usually seen in goats
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Bluetongue is an Orbivirus
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Bluetongue primarily spreads with blood sucking insects
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Bluetongue replicates in endothelial cells of blood vessels
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The causative agent of Bluetongue multiplies in endothelium
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Bluetongue has 24 known serotypes
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Bluetongue is an enteral disease of turkeys
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Bluetongue causes symptoms mostly in sheep and goat
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Bluetongue is not present in Europe
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Bluetongue causes skin signs in bovine
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Bluetongue also infects pigs
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Bluetongue infects all hooved animals
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No long-term carrier stage is observed in Bluetongue virus infections
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Ruminants and swine are the most important hosts of the Bluetongue virus
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Lameness is one of the clinical signs of Bluetongue disease in sheep
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Serological cross protection exists between 25 known serotypes of Bluetongue virus
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Ibarki disease is a Bluetongue-like disease in Asia and in America
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The serotype 8 strain of the bluetongue virus, which emerged in Western Europe, does not cause clinical signs in cattle
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The epizootic haemorrhagic fever is observed in the USA in wild deer
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Epizootic haemorrhagic disease was described only in Australia so far
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Epizootic hemorrhage fever is a Bluetongue-like disease of wild ruminants in America
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African horse sickness is mostly a peracute disease
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African horse sickness virus is endemic in Russia since 2008
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he Infectious equine arthritis and the African horse sickness ay have similar clinical signs
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Oedemas and haemorrhages are the most frequent lesions in African horse sickness
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African horse sickness is spread by ticks
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African horse sickness is zoonotic
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Frothy nasal discharge is a characteristic sign of African horse sickness
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The subacute form of African horses sickness is causing oedema formation and heart failure
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Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of African horse sickness
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Acute form of African horse sickness occurs mainly in zebras and horses
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Carnivores are susceptible to African horse sickness
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Occasionally carnivores may get infected with African horse sickness virus
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The natural reservoirs of the African horse sickness virus are mainly zebras
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Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent symptom of subacute African horse sickness
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Zebras are more resistant to African horse sickness than horses
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Immunized horses may develop a chronic febrile form of the African horse sickness
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Zebras are not susceptible to African horse sickness
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Wild birds play the most important role in the spreading of African horse sickness
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The chronic form of African horse sickness may be similar to EIA
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African horse sickness is a communicable disease
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In the pathogenesis of African horse sickness, viraemia lasts longer in horse than in zebras
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The African horse sickness is endemic in Europe and in the USA
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The signs of chronic African Horse Sickness and Equine Infectious anaemia may be similar
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African horse sickness was transported to Europe by migratory birds
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African horse sickness can cause encephalitis
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African horse sickness is a notifiable (communicable) disease in Europe
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African horse sickness can cause lung oedema
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African horse sickness is prevented in Africa by combined vaccines
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African Horse Sickness is a frequent disease, distributed worldwide
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Respiratory signs are the most frequent symptoms in acute African Horse Sickness
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The differential diagnosis of African Horse Sickness and Tetanus is rather complicated
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African Horse Sickness is spread primarily by “small mosquitos”.
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Carriers for African Horse Sickness are zebras and donkeys
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African Horse Sickness is not present in Europe today
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African Horse Sickness is caused by an arbovirus
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African Horse Sickness is caused by Orbivirus
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The most characteristic post mortem lesion in African Horse Sickness is haemorrhages and oedema.
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Reservoir for African Horse Sickness is zebras and donkeys
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African Horse Sickness is presented mainly per-acutely in donkeys
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African Horse Sickness virus only infect horses
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Horses are more susceptible than zebra in African Horse Sickness
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Haemorrhagic meningoencephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness
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The African Horse Sickness virus may infect dogs too
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African horse sickness is a world-wide distributed and frequent disease
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The subacute form of the African horse sickness is mainly characterized by oedematisation and cardiac dysfunctions
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Horse encephalosis is endemic in Africa
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Equine encephalosis can result in abortion
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Equine encephalosis is transmitted by mosquitoes
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Equine encephalosis causes the most severe clinical signs in Zebras
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Horse encephalosis occurs only in America
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Equine encephalosis causes high mortality
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Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against equine encephalosis
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Horse encephalosis appeared several times in Europe between 2006 and 2009
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Midges are the main vectors of the Equine encephalosis virus
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Bursitis virus targets the premature B lymphocytes
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The bursitis virus causes per os infection
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Meat type hybrids are more sensitive to Gumboro disease than layers
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Clinical signs of Gumboro disease can be seen in chickens older than 8 weeks
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Some Gumboro disease vaccines can be applied only besides yolk immunity
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Watery diarrhoea is typical clinical sign of Gumboro disease
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There are several virulence variants of bursitis virus
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linical signs of Gumboro disease can be seen in chickens younger than 8 weeks
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Bursitis virus is highly contagious
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Immunocomplex vaccines can be applied to prevent Gumboro disease
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Clinical signs of Gumboro disease can be seen in chickens younger than 8 days
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Before vaccination against Gumboro disease the level of maternal immunity in the flock should be determined
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Anaemia and cyanosis can be clinical signs of Gumboro disease
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Bursitis virus causes the highest mortality in day old chicks
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Vaccines are available to control Gumboro disease
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In the prevention of Gumboro disease in ovo vaccinations can be applied
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The bursitis virus is very sensitive to the environmental conditions
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Bursitis virus causes disease only in chicken
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The bursitis virus can retain its infectivity for 1-4 months in the litter
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Both serotypes of bursitis virus are pathogenic
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Bursitis virus infection can reduce the efficacy of vaccinations
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Bursitis virus infection results in immunosuppression
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Bursitis virus is shed in the faeces
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In Europe only low virulence strains of infectious bursitis virus can be found
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Infectious bursitis is a very contagious disease
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Pigeons are the most susceptible to IBDV
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Early IBDV infection damages the humoral immunity
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The bursitis virus mostly causes germinative infection
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IBDV type 2 is used for immunization of chicken against infectious bursal disease
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Ibdv is a zoonotic virus
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