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Epi Mix > Epi Mix AC 5601-5800 > Flashcards

Epi Mix AC 5601-5800 Flashcards

1
Q

The infectious bursal disease virus is transmitted only vertically

A

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2
Q

Anaemia and depression are frequent signs of infectious bursal disease

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3
Q

Only inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bursal disease

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4
Q

The infectious bursal disease virus is very sensitive to detergents

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5
Q

In Europe only low virulence strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) can be found

A

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6
Q

The Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is very resistant in the environment

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7
Q

Infection of day-old chicken with IBDV may cause permanent immunosuppression

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8
Q

Pathology lesions of the Infectious Bursal Disease can be similar to the Avian influenza

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9
Q

Young chicken can be immunized only with inactivated IBDV vaccines

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10
Q

Very virulent strains of the Infectious Bursal Disease virus (IBDV) may cause disease in chicken with maternally derived antibodies too

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11
Q

IBDV does not cause disease in adult chicken (over 2 months of age

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12
Q

Fever, diarrhea and anemia are signs of the Infectious Bursal Disease

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13
Q

Vaccines provide high level of protection against all IBDV strains

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14
Q

Clinical manifestations of infectious bursal disease are seen mainly in chicken between the age of 3 and 6 weeks

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15
Q

Moderately attenuated (“hot”) IBDV vaccines are used for the immunization of young chicken without yolk immunity

A

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16
Q

The infectious bursitis virus has more than one virulence variants

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17
Q

The infectious bursitis virus causes anaemia

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18
Q

The infectious bursitis virus can be isolated on CAM

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19
Q

There is no vaccine available against infectious bursitis virus

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20
Q

The resistance of infectious bursitis virus is very high

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21
Q

The infectious bursitis virus spreads by mosquitoes

A

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22
Q

IBDV causes immunosuppression in chicken between 2-8 weeks of age

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23
Q

By disinfection of the eggshell we can prevent IBDV infection

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24
Q

Infectious bursal disease causes severe illness, mainly in waterfowl

A

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25
Q

The most frequent sign of infectious bursal disease is lameness

A

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26
Q

Only attenuated live vaccines are effective against infectious bursal disease

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27
Q

Several antigenic and virulence variants of infectious bursal disease virus are known

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28
Q

The infectious bursitis is usually seen in 3 to 8 weeks-old flocks

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29
Q

The most frequent sign of infectious bursal disease is lameness due to the inflammation of the subtendinal bursae

A

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30
Q

The infectious bursitis virus is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment

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31
Q

A frequent sign of the infectious bursitis is encephalitis

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32
Q

The infectious bursitis virus does not cause any damage in chickens under the age of two weeks

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33
Q

Influenzaviruses have segmented genome

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34
Q

HPAI and LPAI strains differ in the number of basal amino acids in the HA protein

A

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35
Q

HA protein of influenza viruses is responsible for the attachment to the cell

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36
Q

The M2 protein of influenza viruses serves as an ion channel important in the decapsidation

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37
Q

Antigenic drift means serials of point mutations in the HA and NA genes

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38
Q

The NA protein in the influenza virus is responsible for the release from the infected cells

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39
Q

Enzymatic cleavage of the HA protein is needed for the influenza virus penetration into the cell

A

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40
Q

Genetic reassortment of human and animal influenza viruses result in the occurrence of new human influenza strains

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41
Q

Bats have an important role in the epidemiology of influenza

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42
Q

Antigenic shift is behind the influenza pandemics

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43
Q

Influenza viruses are classified into genera by their HA and NA proteins

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44
Q

Influenza causes persistent infection in donkey

A

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45
Q

The serotype of influenza viruses is determined by their HA and NA proteins

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46
Q

The influenza viruses cause respiratory signs in sea mammals

A

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47
Q

The host range of influenza virus is determined by the NA protein

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48
Q

The bird to human host switch of influenza virus is mediated by swine

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49
Q

The main host of influenza is the swine

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50
Q

In humans inactivated vaccines are used for the immunisation against influenza

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51
Q

Antigenic drift is behind the seasonal influenza epidemics

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52
Q

Antigenic shift means the reassortment of the influenzavirus genome segments

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53
Q

Influenzaviruses are sensitive to drying out

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54
Q

For the in vitro propagation of influenza viruses embryonated eggs is used

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55
Q

The high virulence of some influenza A viruses is the result of mutations in the HA gene

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56
Q

Dogs are susceptible to horse origin influenza strains

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57
Q

The HPAI strains can cause CNS Signs

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58
Q

HPAI causes blood vessel damages and generalised infections

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59
Q

The HPAI strains are usually developed from the H5 and H7 influenza viruses

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60
Q

The LPAI causes immunosuppression

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61
Q

Cat is susceptible to human seasonal influenza

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62
Q

HPAI strains are mutations of LPAI strains

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63
Q

HPAI strains belong into a certain haemagglutinin types

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64
Q

Influenzas Causes enteric symptoms in human

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65
Q

Anti-neuraminidase drugs inhibit the decapsidation of influenza viruses

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66
Q

Swine recovered from influenza should not be kept for breeding

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67
Q

Influenza causes high morbidity but low mortality in swine

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68
Q

The HPAI causes skin haemorrhages in swine

A

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69
Q

Swine influenza outbreaks occur usually during summer

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70
Q

The mortality of swine influenza is high

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71
Q

Swine influenza causes high morbidity rate

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72
Q

To prevent complications of swine influenza penicillin injections are given to sick pigs

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73
Q

Swine influenza is easily transmitted to people

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74
Q

To prevent complications of swine influenza, antibiotics used

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75
Q

In swine all influenza variants can be detected

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76
Q

In a horse influenza outbreak all infected horses must be killed

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77
Q

The generalized symptoms of horse influenza are result of the interferon response

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78
Q

Racehorses should be vaccinated before the influenza season

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79
Q

Breeding mares should be vaccinated before the influenza season

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80
Q

Influenza causes persistent infection in horses

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81
Q

The eggs produced in LPAI infected flock can be hatched

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82
Q

The HPAI infection can be unambiguously differentiated from Newcastle disease by the clinical signs

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83
Q

The HPAI strains can cause clinical signs in waterfowl

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84
Q

In poultry farms LPAI may be endemic without clinical signs

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85
Q

Waterfowl can carry the influenza viruses for long time

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86
Q

Influenza viruses are shed by birds exclusively in the nasal discharge

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87
Q

Avian influenza is zoonotic

A

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88
Q

The virulence of avian influenza is determined by the i.v. pathogeny index and mortality

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89
Q

Avian influenza can switch directly to human and cause epidemics with high case numbers as result of human to human transmission

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90
Q

In birds all influenza variants can be detected

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91
Q

Avian influenza of high economic impact is caused by HPAI strains

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92
Q

Avian influenza virus is primarily spread through bronchial discharge and aerogenic route

A

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93
Q

Avian influenza spread by bronchial discharge

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94
Q

All Bunyaviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes

A

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95
Q

Bunyaviruses cause oral infection

A

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96
Q

The virus causing severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome is transmitted by tick

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97
Q

Several bunyaviruses are zoonotic agents

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98
Q

Serological cross-reactions are frequent between related bunyaviruses

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99
Q

All bunyaviruses are vectored by insects

A

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100
Q

All bunyaviruses are vectored by ticks

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101
Q

Orthobunyaviruses are transmitted by haematophagous arthropods

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102
Q

Several virus species belong to Bunyaviridae family, many present only in tropical regions

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103
Q

Bunyaviruses are typically arboviruses

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104
Q

Bunyaviriuses has good antigens and good immune reaction

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105
Q

The Aino virus causes foetal development problems and abortion in sheep

A

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106
Q

Akabane virus is zoonotic

A

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107
Q

Akabane virus causes foetal damages in dogs

A

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108
Q

Akabane disease virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

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109
Q

Abortions and foetal malformations are the most typical signs of Akabane disease

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110
Q

The Akabane disease is mainly seen in geese

A

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111
Q

The Akabane disease can cause abortion in sheep

A

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112
Q

The main symptoms of the akabane disease are foetal development disorders

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113
Q

The main symptoms of akabane disease are the malformation of the fetus

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114
Q

Akabane, Aino and Schmallenberg viruses cause similar disease in ruminants

A

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115
Q

Akabane occurs in South-West Africa and is a disease of swine

A

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116
Q

Schmallenberg virus causes disease only in Suffolk sheep breed

A

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117
Q

Schallenberg virus causes foetal damages in humans

A

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118
Q

Schmallenberg virus causes foetal development problems more frequently in cattle than in sheep

A

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119
Q

Schmallenberg virus is present worldwide

A

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120
Q

Schmallenberg virus causes foetal damages in pigs

A

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121
Q

Schmallenberg virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

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122
Q

Schmallenberg virius associated disease as 1st observed in 2011 in certain Western European countries

A

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123
Q

The Schmallenberg virus causes severe disease in humans

A

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124
Q

The acute signs of Schmallenberg virus infection in cattle are fever and reduced milk production

A

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125
Q

Rodents are the reservoir hosts of Schmallenberg virus

A

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126
Q

In cattle Schmallenberg virus causes transient febrile disease with reduced milk production

A

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127
Q

The Schmallenberg virus is a zoonotic agent

A

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128
Q

Ticks are reservoirs and vectors of the Schmallenberg virus

A

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129
Q

Schmallenberg virus was transported to Europe from South-America

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130
Q

Schmallenberg virus emerged in Western Europe, in 2011, and spread rapidly in ruminants

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131
Q

In sheep the Schmallenberg virus mainly causes foetal malformations

A

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132
Q

Schmallenberg spread by midges vectors

A

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133
Q

No human case report on Schmallenberg virus

A

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134
Q

Pneumonia and abortion are the main signs of Schmallenberg virus infection in sheep

A

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135
Q

Midges are the main vectors of Schmallenberg virus

A

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136
Q

Human is a competent host of Rift Valley fever virus i.e. the viraemic titre is high enough to infect the vector

A

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137
Q

The Rift valley fever virus damages the blood vessels thus causes haemorrhages

A

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138
Q

Wild rabbits are reservoirs of Rift valley fever virus

A

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139
Q

Rift valley fever is a human only disease

A

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140
Q

The rift valley fever virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

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141
Q

Certain European mosquito species are competent vectors of Rift Valley fever virus

A

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142
Q

Rift Valley fever may cause high lethality in young ruminants

A

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143
Q

Rift Valley fever virus is a zoonotic agent

A

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144
Q

The Rift Valley fever virus can cause reproductive disorders in cattle and sheep

A

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145
Q

Necrotic hepatitis is a lesion of Rift Valley fever

A

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146
Q

Rift-valley fever caused human epidemics in Africa

A

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147
Q

Rift Valley fever virus caused severe human outbreaks in Africa and in the Arab peninsula

A

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148
Q

The principle vectors of the rift valley disease are gnats.

A

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149
Q

Rift valley fever outbreaks are most frequently seen in horses

A

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150
Q

Rift valley fever virus may cause 100% mortality in young susceptible animals

A

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151
Q

In enzootic regions vaccines are used for the prevention of rift valley fever

A

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152
Q

Nairobi sheep disease causes generalized infection in the animals

A

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153
Q

Vaccines are available in endemic regions to prevent Nairobi sheep disease

A

t

154
Q

Nairobi sheep disease leads to abortion in the infected pregnant animals

A

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155
Q

Nairobi sheep disease causes haemorrhagic enteritis in the infected animals

A

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156
Q

Nairobi disease virus causes foetal damages in sheep

A

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157
Q

The Nairobi sheep disease can cause abortion in sheep.

A

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158
Q

The most frequent sign of the Nairobi sheep disease is encephalitis

A

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159
Q

Haemorrhagic gastroenteritis is a lesion of Nairobi sheep disease

A

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160
Q

Nairobi sheep disease is zoonotic

A

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161
Q

Nairobi sheep disease can cause haemorrhagic enteritis among sheep

A

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162
Q

The most important symptom of the Nairobi sheep disease is nephritis

A

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163
Q

Nairobi disease occurs mainly in sheep

A

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164
Q

The leading symptom of Nairobi disease is renal insufficiency

A

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165
Q

The Nairobi sheep disease is vectored by ticks

A

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166
Q

Nairobi sheep disease primarily causes pathological changes in the kidney (renal insufficiency

A

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167
Q

Small rodents serve as reservoir hosts of Hantaviruses

A

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168
Q

Hantaviruses can cause renal failure in human

A

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169
Q

Hantaviruses may cause respiratory disease in humans

A

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170
Q

Hantaviruses causes haemorrhagic fever in humans

A

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171
Q

Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fevers in rodents

A

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172
Q

Hanta viruses can cause renal symptoms in humans

A

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173
Q

Mainly rodents are the natural reservoir of hanta viruses

A

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174
Q

Hanta viruses are naturally maintained by rodents

A

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175
Q

In domestic animals Hanta viruses typically cause liver dystrophy

A

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176
Q

Hanta virus infected people may develop severe renal failure

A

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177
Q

Rodents are reservoir for Hanta virus

A

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178
Q

Hanta virus cause renal disorders in humans

A

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179
Q

Hanta viruses cause encephalitis in horses

A

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180
Q

The Crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever is a human disease with headache, muscle pain and skin haemorrhages

A

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181
Q

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever virus is tick born

A

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182
Q

Arterivirus, the virulence is highly variable

A

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183
Q

The equine viral arteritis is caused by an arterivirus

A

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184
Q

Serological tests can NOT be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis

A

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185
Q

Red blood cells can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

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186
Q

Nasal fluid can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

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187
Q

A semen sample can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

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188
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

A

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189
Q

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

A

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190
Q

In cases of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

A

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191
Q

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis are macrophages

A

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192
Q

Equine Viral arteritis (EVA) virus can affect donkeys

A

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193
Q

The persistence of EVA virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

A

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194
Q

EVA is transmitted by sexual and aerogenic pathways

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195
Q

EVA can cause persistent virus carrying

A

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196
Q

Equine Viral Arteritis virus can infect by inhalation

A

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197
Q

Vaccine against Equine Viral Arteritis is never used in Europe

A

f

198
Q

The Equine Viral Arteritis is caused by retrovirus

A

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199
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus cannot damage the wall of blood vessels

A

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200
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus rarely causes asymptomatic infection

A

f

Epi Mix (35 decks)

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