Digestive System : Functions and Structures (part 2)

Question 1

Parietal Cells function

Answer 1

Secretes hydrochloric acid

Question 2

Parietal Cell affect

Answer 2

acidic environment turns inactive pepsinogen into active pepsin for protein digestion

Question 3

Chyme structure

Answer 3

Gastric juices +food = pasty mix of food and gastric juice

Question 4

Chyme function

Answer 4

Moves through the pyloric muscle which is the “gatekeeper” for the small intestine

Question 5

Pancreas structure

Answer 5

Gland that release pancreatic juice into the small intestine

Question 6

Pancreatic juice function

Answer 6

Completes digestion

Question 7

Amylase function

Answer 7

Enzymes that break down complex starches (polysaccharides) into di- and monosaccharides

Question 8

Lipase function

Answer 8

Enzymes that break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

Proteases function

Answer 9

Enzymes that break down proteins into amino acids

Question 10

Liver Structure

Answer 10

Vascular organ that runs along the border of the diaphram

Question 11

Liver Functions

Answer 11

• Carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism
• Storage of glucose and vitamins
• Blood filtering and detoxification
• Production of bile

Question 12

Bile structure

Answer 12

Water, bile salts, bile pigments (bilirubin), cholesterol, and electrolytes that emulsify (break down) fats

Question 13

Gallbladder function

Answer 13

Stores, concentrates, and releases bile

Question 14

Small Intestine Structure

Answer 14

Coiling organ that connects to stomach and the large intestine

Question 15

Small Intestine Functions

Answer 15

To complete digestion, absorb nutrients into the blood, and sends the wastes to the large intestine

Question 16

Structures of the Small intestine

Answer 16

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 17

Duodenum Structure

Answer 17

C - shaped connection to the stomach via the pyloric sphincter

Question 18

Duodenum Function

Answer 18

Movements called segmentation promote further mixing of chyme with pancreatic and intestinal secretions in the starting here and continuing thru the small and large intestines