Chapter 8 : Muscular System Physiology Notes (Functions and Types)

Question 1

Functions of the Muscular System

Answer 1

Producing movement
Maintaining posture
Stabilizing joints
Production of heat

Question 2

Skeletal Muscle (producing movement)

Answer 2

Allow for locomotion (walking, running, swimming) and manipulation (writing, hammering, typing)

Question 3

Cardiac Muscle (producing movement)

Answer 3

Produces the pumping action of the heart

Question 4

Smooth Muscle (producing movement)

Answer 4

Forces substances through body channels (food through intestines)

Question 5

Maintaining Posture

Answer 5

Constant coordination of our muscles to maintain an upright or seated position

Question 6

Stabilizing Joints

Answer 6

Muscle tendons pull on and stabilize joints - keeping bones from slipping past their proper position

Question 7

Production of Heat

Answer 7

Chemical reactions required for muscle contraction use energy generated by splitting ATP molecules
Approximate 3/4 of that energy escapes in the form of heat allowing our bodies to maintain and appropriate internal temperature

Question 8

Skeletal Muscle Location

Answer 8

Attached to bones (possibly attached to another muscle or directly to the skin)

Question 9

Skeletal Muscle Shape or Appearance

Answer 9

Single, long cyndrical cells in organized rows
Multinucleated
Striated

Question 10

Skeletal Muscle Regulation of contraction

Answer 10

Voluntary control

also unconsciously through reflex

Question 11

Skeletal Muscle Speed of Contraction

Answer 11

Ranges from slow to fast

Non-rhythmic contraction

Question 12

Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

Answer 12

Easily must rest after short bursts of excursion

Question 13

Cardiac Muscle Location

Answer 13

Walls of the heart

Question 14

Cardiac Muscle Cell shape and appearance

Answer 14

Branching chains of cells connected by intercalated disks
Uninucleated
Striated

Question 15

Cardiac Muscle Regulation of contraction

Answer 15

Involuntary

Question 16

Cardiac Muscle Speed of contraction

Answer 16

Slow 
Rhythmic contraction (peristalsis)

Question 17

Cardiac Muscle Fatigue

Answer 17

Never

Question 18

Smooth Muscle Location

Answer 18

(Visceral Muscle) composes the walls of the hollow internal organs

Question 19

Smooth Muscle Shape and appearance

Answer 19

Single, fusiform
Uninucleated
Non-striated

Question 20

Smooth Muscle Regulation of Contraction

Answer 20

Involuntary

Question 21

Smooth Muscle Speed of contraction

Answer 21

Very slow 
Rhythmic contractions (peristalsis)

Question 22

Smooth Muscle Fatigue

Answer 22

Never