Chapter 16 : Respiratory System Functions and Organs Flashcards
The Functions of the Respiratory System
Filter incoming air
Gas exchange
How the Respiratory System filters incoming air
Removes dirt, viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other foreign bodies from the air
How the Respiratory System exchanges gases
Takes in O2 and removes CO2
Respiration
Gas exchange between the environment and the body
Ventilation
Movement of air into and out of the body
Nose Physicality
Bone and cartilage open to the external environment
Nose Function
Passage way for air: filters, moistens, and warms air before entering the trachea
Nostrils
Two openings through which air can enter and leave
Nostrils are lined with
Hair that filter out dirt and other particles
Nasal Cavity
Hollow space behind the nose
Nasal Septum
Bone and cartilage that divides the nasal cavity into right and left spaces
Mucous Membrane
Columnar epithelial tissue rich in mucous secreting goblet cells
How does Mucous and Cilia trap foreign particles
Cilia beat mucous back to the pharynx to be swallowed or coughed out
Paranasal Sinuses
Hollow mucous membrane lined spaces located between the ethmoid, maxillary, frontal, and sphenoid bones of the skull
Paranasal Sinus Function
Make mucous make the skull lighter in weight and improve air quality of voice
Pharynx Location
Behind the larynx, nasal, and oral cavity
Pharynx Cavity
Passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx and aids in speech formation
Nasopharynx
Most superior part, behind the nasal cavity, passage for air
Oropharynx
Just behind the mouth, passage for food and air
Laryngopharynx
Passage leading to the larynx
Epiglottis
Cartilage flap that pushes down over the larynx to prevent food from entering the trachea
Larynx
Structure located behind the oral cavity and under the pharynx
Sub Structures of the Pharynx
Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Epiglottis Larynx
Functions of the Larynx
Take air to the trachea, food to the esophagus, filter out foreign particles, and produce sound
Larynx composed of
Muscle and cartilages : that include true and false vocal cords
Glottis
The true and false vocal cords that prevent choking
Air is composed of
78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
.04% carbon dioxide
