Chapter 5 (part 3) : Muscle and Nervous Tissue Flashcards
Muscle Tissue function
To contract and move various parts of the body
Muscle Tissue responds
To electrical impulses sent by nerves from the brain and spinal cord
The 3 shapes of muscle cells
Long tubular, short branching chains, or fusiform
Multinucleated
More than on nucleus per cell
Uninucleated
One nucleus per cell
Striated
Alternating light and dark patterns created by muscle proteins (actin and myosin) that make the cell appear “striped” or “banded”
Nonstriated
lacks the striped or banded pattern
Voluntary control
Consciously controlled movements
Involuntary control
Under unconscious control of the nervous system and hormones
Skeletal Muscle Structure
Striated, multinucleated, elongated, tubular cells
Skeletal Muscle Location
Makes up muscles that are attached to bones
Skeletal Muscle Function
Voluntary movement of bones
Smooth (visceral) Muscle Structure
Nonstriated, uninucleated, slightly elongated fusiform shaped cells
Smooth (visceral) Muscle Location
Makes up the walls of hollow internal organs (including blood vessels)
Smooth (visceral) Muscle Function
Involuntary movement of organs
Cardiac Muscle Structure
Striated, uninucleated, branching cells connected into chains by intercalated discs
Cardiac Muscle Location
Makes up the walls of the heart
Cardiac Muscle Function
Involuntary movement of heart
Nervous Tissue Structure
Composed of neurons and neuroglial cells
Neuron
Branched nerve cells that send electrical impulses
Neurogial cells
Supportive cells of the nervous system
Nerve
Bundle of thousands of neurons and the supporting neuroglial cells
Brain and spinal cord each are composed of
100 billion neurons plus their supportive neuroglial cells
Nervous Tissue Location
Throughout the body (peripheral nerves), sense organs, brain and spinal cord
Nervous Tissue Function
Coordinate, integrate, and regulate all body functions by communicating with one another and with other tissues in the body through electrical impulses
Serous Membranes
Line body cavities that lack an outside opening (secrete serous fluid)
Parietal Peritoneum
Lining of the abdominopelvic cavity
