Chapter 13 : The Heart Structure and Functions

Question 1

Function of the heart

Answer 1

Pump blood throughout the body

Question 2

Heart shape and location

Answer 2

Cone shaped, muscular pump located within the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity and resting on the diaphragm

Question 3

Pericardium

Answer 3

3 layers of membranes that cover the heart and ends of large blood vessels

Question 4

Fibrous Pericardium

Answer 4

Tough outer membrane made of connective tissue

Question 5

Parietal Pericardium

Answer 5

Membrane that lines the inner wall of the paricardial cavity (inside fibrous pericardium)

Question 6

Visceral Pericardium

Answer 6

Membrane that cover the surface of the heart

Question 7

The protective coverings of the heart

Answer 7

Pericardium
Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium

Question 8

The parts of the wall of the heart

Answer 8

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

Question 9

Epicardium

Answer 9

Outer most epithelial membrane that secretes serous fluid and reduces friction

Question 10

Myocardium

Answer 10

Middle layer made of cardiac muscle

Question 11

Endocardium

Answer 11

Inner most layer of elastic and collogenous fibers

Question 12

FPV EME

Answer 12

Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

Question 13

The chambers of the heart

Answer 13

4 hollow chambers

Question 14

Atria

Answer 14

2 upper chambers of the heart

Question 15

Ventricles

Answer 15

2 lower chambers of the heart

Question 16

Intraventricular Septum

Answer 16

Separates left from right chambers (vertically down center of heart)

Question 17

Apex

Answer 17

Point of the heart at the bottom of the ventricles (mainly left)

Question 18

Base

Answer 18

Flat portion on the posterior of the heart where the hear sits on the diaphragm

Question 19

Valves

Answer 19

Located between openings of the heart

Question 20

Chordae Tendineae

Answer 20

Fibers that connect cusps with papillary muscles in the ventricle

Question 21

Papillary Muscles

Answer 21

Pull on the chordae tendineae to keep the cusps in place during ventricle contraction

Question 22

Atrioventricular Valves

Answer 22

(A-V valves) separate the atria from the ventricles to prevent “backflow” of blood

Question 23

Tricuspid Valve

Answer 23

Separates right atrium and ventricle

Question 24

Bicuspid Valve

Answer 24

Separates left atrium and ventricle

Question 25

Semilunar Valves

Answer 25

Separate the openings to the pulmonary arteries and aorta

Question 26

Pulmonary Valve

Answer 26

Allows blood to leave the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk without back flow

Question 27

Aortic Valve

Answer 27

Allows blood to leave the left ventricle into the aorta without backflow