Chapter 11 : Endocrine System (Gland+Hormone) (part 2) Flashcards
Hormones of the Adrenal Gland
Mineralocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Androgens
Mineralocorticoids aka
Aldosterone
Mineralocorticoids
Target cells
kidneys
Mineralocorticoids
Action
Increases water retention in body by regulating Sodium and Potassium levels
Glucocorticoids aka
Cortisone and cortisol
Glucocorticoids Targets cells
most body tissues
Glucocorticoids
Action
Increases blood glucose, inhibits inflammation and immune response
Androgens and estrogens
Targets cells
most body tissues
Androgens and estrogens
Action
Secreted in small amount in both in both sexes but often masked by hormones from testes or ovaries
Adrenal Glands (medulla) Hormones
Catecholamines
epinepherine and norepinepherine
Catecholamines
(Epinepherine and norepinephrine)
Target cells
Blood vessels, heart, liver, and adipose tissues
Catecholamines
(Epinepherine and norepinephrine)
Action
- Increase body’s ability to cope with stress
- Increase heart rate
- Increase blood flow
- Increases blood glucose
Hormones of the Pancreas
Insulin
Glucagon
Insulin
target cells
Most body cells
Insulin
Action
Decreases blood glucose levels by increasing the uptake of glucose by body cells and the storage of glucose as glycogen
Glucagon
Target cells
Liver
Glucagon
Action
Increases the breakdown of glycogen
The glands of the Thymus Gland
Thymosin
Thymosin
Target cells
Lymphatic system cells
Thymosin
Action
Stimulates the production of white blood cells
Hormones of the Pineal gland
Melatonin
Melatonin
Target cells
Hypothalamus
Melatonin
Action
Initiates the onset of puberty and regulates rhythmic cycles such as sleep and alertness
Hormones of the Gonads
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Estrogen
Target Cells
Most body parts
Estrogen
Action
Maturation and maintenance of female reproductive organs, secondary sex characteristics, menstrual cycle
Progesterone
Target Cells
uterus and mammary glands
Progesterone
Action
Prepares uterus for pregnancy, development of mammary glands, and menstrual cycle
Testosterone
Target cells
Most body cells
Testosterone
Action
Maturation and maintenance of male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics
