Chapter 8 : Structure and Anatomy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Muscles are composed of which tissue types

A

All 4 main tissue types and are bundled by layers of connective tissue to increase their strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endomysium

A

Surrounds individual muscle fibers (cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Perimysium

A

Wraps around 10-100 muscle fibers bundling them into a structure called a fascicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epimysium

A

Surrounds the entire muscle and connects with the fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fascia

A

Encases the entire muscle and serves as the connection to the periosteum of the bone via the tendon oor aponeurosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tendon

A

Cord like structure that connects the muscle to the periosteum of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aponerosis

A

Sheet like structure that connects the muscle to the periosteum of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscle cell

A

each muscle cell is called a muscle fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Cell membrane and a thin coating of polysaccharides with collagen fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Specialized endoplasmic reticulum that stores and releases Ca+ for filament binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Transverse or T-tubules

A

Extension of the sarcolemma that attach and carry impulses to the sarcoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Specialize cytoplasm that contains large amounts of gycogen for energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mitochondria

A

Muscle fiber has hundreds of mitochondria to provide the energy needed for contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Myofibrils

A

Specialized cylindrical organelles that fill in most of the space in the muscle fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Myofibrils contain

A

Contractile proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Actin filament

A

also known as thin filaments

17
Q

Myosin filament

A

also known as thick filaments

18
Q

Sarcomere

A

the functional or contractile units of a muscle fiber that extending between actin attachments

19
Q

Motor Nerve

A

Nerve that sends “movement” message from the brain to the muscles

20
Q

Motor end plate

A

region of the muscle fiber that meets with the motor nerve fiber (one per muscle fiber)

21
Q

Nerve Fibers

A

Projections (axons) of the nerve cell that meet with the muscle fiber and release neurotransmitters (many branches per cell)

22
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical translator released by the nerve fiber to communicate the “movement” message to the muscle fiber

23
Q

Acetylcholine (ACh)

A

ALWAYS the neurotransmitter released for muscle contraction to occur; absorb the motor end plate

24
Q

Neuromuscular junction

A

Point where the nerve fiber meets up with the motor end plate (don’t actually touch - gap)

25
Q

Synaptic cleft

A

Gap between the neuron and the muscle fiber