Day 4 Epithelial and connective tissue Flashcards
functions of connective tissues? (6)
establish framework for the human body
transport fluids and dissolved materials around the body
provide protection for delicate organs
supporting, surrounding and interconnecting tissue types
storing energy, especially in the form of lipids; storage of minirals (Ca)
defending the body against invasion from microorganisims
connective tissue:
cells are suspended in extracellular matrix are made of what?
fibers (proteins) and ground substance
different CTs are determined by relative amounts of what?
specialized cells
fiber types in matrix
make up of the ground substance in the matrix
CT characteristics
what are Fibroblasts?
mainly in connective tissue proper
CT characteristics
what are chondroblasts?
found in cartilage
CT characteristics
what are osteoblasts?
found in bone
Ground substance secrete what?
intercellular solution
proteins that interact to form large extracellular connective tissue fibres:
(3)
elastin
collagen
reticulin
where would you find elastin?
where we need to have flexibility
its elasticity, pliability and memory
where would you find collagen?
think strong. you find it when you need a lot of strength in connective tissue
strength and size
characteristics of reticulin?
strength, small and light
ground substance and connective tissue fibers together form what?
the extracellular matrix
consistency determined by proteins and type of ground substance
Loose connective tissue
what are the three?
what are the general function?
areolar
adipose
reticular
Function: packing material provide cushioning and support store lipids route for diffusion of materials
in loose connective tissue what is an example of a fixed cell?
fibroblasts- produce fibers for intercellular matrix and ground substance
in loose connective tissue what is an example of wandering (migrating cells)
macro/microphages, mast cells, lymphocytes
what are some examples of fixed cells?
melanocyte fixed macrophage adipose fibroblast mesenchymal cell
Loose CT fixed cells
what is the function of fibroblasts?
makes fibers and the ground substance for intercellular substance
Loose CT fixed cells
what is the function for fixed macrophages?
phagocytize pathogens and damaged cells
Loose CT fixed cells
what is the function for adipocytes?
store lipids
Loose CT fixed cells
what is the function for mesenchymal cells?
CT stem cells that can differentiate into other cell types
Loose CT fixed cells
what is the function for melanocytes
provide melanin for pigmentation in skin
What are the 4 examples of loose CT wandering cells?
free macrophages
mast cells
lymphocytes
microphages
loose CT wandering cells:
what is the function of free macrophages?
mobile traveling phagocytic cells
loose CT wandering cells:
what is the function of mast cells?
stimulate local inflammatory response
loose CT wandering cells:
what is the function of microphages
small phagocytic cells that assist during infection and tissue damage
Areolar connective tissue - loose
where is it found?
dermis (papillary layer hypodermis digestive respiratory between muscles around blood vessels nerves and joints
Areolar connective tissue - loose
what is its framework and what are its functions?
open framework- contains all cells and fibers found in CT proper
cushions organs
provides support but permits independent movement
phagocytic cells provide defense
Adipose tissue -Loose CT
where is it found?
beneath skin- at abdomen, buttocks, breasts; around kidneys and other organs
Adipose tissue -Loose CT
functions?
protection, absorbs shock insulation reduce heat loss and stores energy
reticular tissue- loose CT
where is it found?
liver kidney spleen lymph nodes bone marrow
reticular tissue- loose CT
function?
provide support
framework- light but strong
Dense connective tissue
what are the 3 examples?
dense regular CT
dense regular (elastic connective tissue)
dense irregular CT
Dense connective tissue functions?
firm attachments
transmits forces
reduces friction between muscles
stabilizes relative position of bones
Dense regular connective tissue
what does it contain?
collagen and elastin, orderly arrangement
Dense irregular CT
characteristics?
contains collage and elastin interwoven
Dense Elastic CT regular
contains what?
collagen and elastin
which type of Dense CT would most likely be found in ligaments and tendons?
dense regular
Dense irregular connective tissue
what are its locations?
capsules of joints and visceral organs
dermis of skin (reticular layer)
periostea and perichondria
Nerve and muscle sheaths
Dense irregular CT
Functions?
strength to resist forces applied from many directions
helps prevent over expansion of organs
Dense Regulat CT
found in what?
tendons and aponeruosis (bone-muscle); Ligaments (bone-bone or stabilizing organs)
Dense regular connective tissue
functions?
firm attachments
transmits force (conducts pull of muscle)
stabilizes relative position of bones
reduces friction between muscles
PNEUMONIC FOR CT FUNCTIONS!!!!!!
Don’t forget to inspect every cat
Don’t (D) Forget (F) To (T) Inspect (I) Every (E) Cat (C)
D - defending the body against invasion from microorganisims
F- framework- establish framework for the human body
T - transport - transport fluids and dissolved materials around the body
I - interconnect supporting, surrounding and tissue types
E - energy storage, especially in the form of lipids; storage of minirals (Ca)
C- cushion for delicate organs
