CMD - Edema

Question 1

clinically apparent increase in interstitial fluid volume which may expand to several liters before abnromality is evident

Answer 1

Edema

Question 2

gross, generalized edema a.k.a

Answer 2

anasarca

Question 3

accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 3

ascites

Question 4

accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity

Answer 4

hydrothorax

Question 5

True of mechanism of edema EXCEPT

a. hydrostatic pressure increases in the capillary bed upstream proximal to the obstruction
b. fluid is transferred from the bascular to the interstitial space causing local edema
c. effective arterial blood is reduced
d. leads to retention of salt and water until deficit in plasma concentration has been corrected

Answer 5

D; plasma volume

Question 6

restriction of lymphatic flow results in increased protein concentration in the interstitial fluid. Aggravates retention of fluid

Answer 6

Lymphedema

Question 7

Involved in the mechanism of edema in congestive heart failure a. impaired filling of the ventricle

b. impaired emptying of the ventricle
c. both
d. neither

Answer 7

C

Question 8

primary alteration in nephrotic syndrome

Answer 8

diminished colloid oncotic pressure due to losses of large quantitites of protein in the urine

Question 9

T of nephrotic syndrome and other hypoabuminemic states

a. does nnot cause hypovolemia
b. promotes net fluid into the intravascular space
c. involves RAAS
d. NOTA
e. AOTA

Answer 9

C

Question 10

T/F edema can happen in nephrotic syndrome even in the absence of severe hypoalbuminemia

Answer 10

T

Question 11

True of liver cirrhosis

a. characerized by hepatic venous outflow blocakde which in turn contracts the splanchnic blood volume
b. decreases hepatic lymph formation
c. intrahepatic hypertension is a potent stimulus for renal sodium retention
d. NOTA

Answer 11

C

a. expands splanchnic blood volume
b. increases hepatic lymph formation

Question 12

True of liver cirrhosis

a. hypoalbuminemia can occur due to decreased synthesis
b. hypoalbuminemia causes reduction in effective arterial blood volume
c. activation of RAAS contributes to salt and water retaining mechanisms
d. AOTA

Answer 12

D

Question 13

mechanisms of drug induced edema

renal vasoconstriction

Answer 13

NSAIDS and cyclosporine

Question 14

mechanisms of drug induced edema

arteriolar dilatation

Answer 14

vasodilators

Question 15

mechanisms of drug induced edema

augmented renal sodium reabsorption

Answer 15

steroid hormones

Question 16

mechanisms of drug induced edema

capillary damage

Answer 16

interleukin 2

Question 17

large diurnal weight changes suggest an increase in

Answer 17

capillary permeability

Question 18

Dirunal weight changes fluctuate in severity and to be aggravated by

a. hot weather
b. cold weather
c. both
d. neither

Answer 18

A

Question 19

localized edema

a. limited to 1 leg
b. limited to 1 arm
c. both arms
d. AOTA
e. A and B only

Answer 19

D

Question 20

paralysis _______ lymphatic and venous drainage on _____ side and maybe responsible for unilateral edema

Answer 20

reduces

affected

Question 21

Edema resulting from hypoproteinemia

a. localized
b. especially in very soft tissues of the periorbital area
c. most pronounced in the morning
d. NOTA

Answer 21

C

a. generalized
b. tissues of the eyelid

Question 22

True about edema associated with heart failure

a. tends to be more extensive in the face
b. accentuated in the mornng
c. severe heart failure may cause ascites
d. when patient have been confined to bed, edema may be most prominent in the lower extremities

Answer 22

C
a - legs
b - evening
d- presacral

Question 23

local tenderness and warmth suggest

Answer 23

inflammation

Question 24

local cyanosis signify

Answer 24

venous obstruction

Question 25

JVP in liver cirrhosis

a. normal
b. high
c. low

Answer 25

A