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M3 > Cardi - ECG > Flashcards

Cardi - ECG Flashcards

1
Q

Intrinsic rate of SA node

A

60-100bpm

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2
Q

Intrinsic rate of AV node

A

40-60bpm

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3
Q

Intrinsic rate of Ventricular Cells node

A

20-45bpm

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4
Q

SA node is located at the upper portion of the RA _____ to the site where the SVC drainis into the RA

a. lateral
b. medial

A

A

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5
Q

ECG wave form corresponding to atiral depolarization

A

p wave

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6
Q

ECG wave form corresponding to ventricular depolarization

A

QRS complex

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7
Q

A left bundle branch block is manifested in the ECG as

A

wide QRS

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8
Q

The ST-T-U complex correspond to

A

repolarization

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9
Q

The junction between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment

A

J point

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10
Q

Conditions in which atrial repolarization can becom aparent in the ECG

A

acute pericarditis

atrial infarction

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11
Q

Standard speed of ECG

A

25mm/s

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12
Q

location of V1

A

4th ICS right parasternal border

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13
Q

location of V2

A

4th ICS left parasternal border

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14
Q

location V3

A

midway between V2 and V4

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15
Q

location of V4

A

5th ICS left midclavicular line

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16
Q

location V5

A

5th ICS, L AAL

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17
Q

location V6

A

5th ICS L MAL

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18
Q

precordial lead at 5th ICS left midclavicular line

A

V4

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19
Q

precordial lead at 4th ICS right parasternal border

A

V1

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20
Q

precordial lead at 5th ICS L anterior axillary line

A

V5

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21
Q

precordial lead at 4th ICS L parasternal border

A

V2

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22
Q

Location of V6

A

5th ICS L mid axillary line

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23
Q

precordial leads: Anterior wall of the heart

A

V3V4

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24
Q

precordial leads: Lateral wall of the heart

A

V5-V6

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25
Q

The vector of lead I is going to the _____

a. left arm
b. right arm
c. foot

A

A

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26
Q

The vector of lead II is going

a. left foot
b. right foot
c. left arm

A

A

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27
Q

The vector of lead III is going

a. left foot
b. right foot
c. left arm

A

B

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28
Q

The vector of aVR is towards

a. Right arm
b. Left arm
c. floor

A

A

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29
Q

The vector of aVL is towards

a. Right arm
b. Left arm
c. floor

A

B

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30
Q

The vector of aVF is towards

a. Right arm
b. Left arm
c. floor

A

C

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31
Q

formed from the two arms and left leg. 2 apices of the upper part of the triangle represent the points at which the two arms connect electrically with the fluids around the heart. Lower apex is the point at which the left leg connect with th fluids

A

Einthoven’s triangle

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32
Q

The lead most commonly used during cardiac monitoring

A

lead II

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33
Q

lead I, II and II are

a. Unipolar leads
b. Bipolar leads

A

B

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34
Q

lead aVR, aVL, aVF are

a. Unipolar leads
b. Bipolar leads

A

A

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35
Q

Bipolar lead corresponding to left lateral wall of the heart

A

Lead I

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36
Q

Bipolar lead/s corresponding to inferior wall of the heart

A

Lead II, III

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37
Q

Unipolar lead/s that reflect right side of the heart

A

aVR

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38
Q

Affected wall when there’s ST segment elevation at

II, III, aVF

A

Inferior

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39
Q

Affected wall when there’s ST segment elevation at

V2, V3, V4

A

Anterior wallV2, V3, V4

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40
Q

Affected wall when there’s ST segment elevation at

V1, V2

A

Septum

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41
Q

Affected wall when there’s ST segment elevation at

V4, V5, V6

A

Lateral wall

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42
Q

Affected wall when there’s ST segment elevation at

I, aVL

A

High Lateral

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43
Q

Suspected artery with anterior wall MI

A

LAD

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44
Q

Suspected artery with lateral wall MI

A

left circumflex artery

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45
Q

Suspected artery with Right ventricular wall MI

A

right coronary artery

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46
Q

V1, V3R and V4R ST elevation

a. RIght atrial ischemia
b. Right ventricular ischemia
c. Inferior wall MI
d. Inferomedial wall MI

A

B

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47
Q

Normal duration of p wave

A

0.06-0.11s

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48
Q

Best lead to look at the atrium

A

Lead II

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49
Q

R atrial enlargement in ECG is peaked p wave with amplitude

A

> =2.5

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50
Q

what do you call peaked p waves on ECG

A

p pulmunale

51
Q

what do you call left atrial enlargement on ECG

A

p mitrale

52
Q

biphasic p wave in V1 with a broad negative component of a broad, often notched p wave in one or more limb leads

A

left atrial hypertrophy

53
Q

Left atrial hypertrophy on lead V1

A

inverted p wave

54
Q

most common condition causing notched p wave on Lead II or inverted p wave at Lead V1

A

mitral stenosis secondary to RHD

55
Q

Normal duration of QRS complex

A

0.10-0.12s

56
Q

The first negative deflection

A

Q wave

57
Q

ECG finding: Rabbit Ear appearance at V1

A

RBBB

58
Q

S in V1 + R in V5 or V6 whichever is larger or equal to 35mm

R in aVL >=11mm

A

The Sokolow-Lyon Index

59
Q

The Sokolow-Lyon Index signifies what chamber abnormality

A

LVH

60
Q

S in V3 + R in aVL = _____ in men to qualify for Cornell voltate criteria

A

> 28 mm

61
Q

S in V3 + R in aVL = _____ in women to qualify for Cornell voltate criteria

A

> 20 mm

62
Q

\What does the ST segment measure?

A

time between actual ventricular depolarization and repolarization

63
Q

ST elevation is normal if it does not exceed

A

1 small square

64
Q

What does T wave correspond to?

A

repolarization of the ventricles

65
Q

T wave should not be more than __mm in amplitude in standard leads and __mm in precordial leads

A

5mm standard leads

10mm precordial leads

66
Q

ECG findings in hypokalemia (<2.5mEq/L)

A

Prominent U wave
Diphasic T wave
Depressed ST segment

67
Q

Normal duration of PR interval in terms of # of small squares

A

3-5

68
Q

QRS should be ___ small squares

A

<3

69
Q

What is the normal corrected QT interval for women

A

<0.46

70
Q

What is the normal corrected QT interval for men

A

<0.45

71
Q

saw tooth pattern of the p wave is seen in

A

Atrial flutter

72
Q

Prominent ECG finding in First degree AV block

A

prolonged PR interval

73
Q

p wave amplitude should not be more than __mm

A

2.5mm

74
Q

p wave is usually positive in which limb leads?

A

all limb leads, EXCEPT aVR, variable in V1

75
Q

Interpretation of inverted P wave

a. impulses may be originating at varying sites
b. wandering pacemaker
c. SA node is not the pacemaker
d. left atrial dilatation

A

C

76
Q

normal duration of PR interval

A

0.12-0.20s

77
Q

Prolonged PR interval EXCEPT

a. first degree AV block
b. cardiac glycoside
c. Junctional dysrhythmia
d. NOTA

A

C

78
Q

normal duration of qrs complex

A

0.06-0.09s

79
Q

Widened QRS EXCEPT

a. atrial tachycardia
b. bundle branch block
c. PVC
d. VT
e. Idioventricular rhythm

A

A

80
Q

part of ECG that represent early phase of ventricular repolarization

A

ST segment

81
Q

T/F ST segment elevation 1mm above isoelectric point is normal

A

T; >1mm above or below isoelectric point abnormal

82
Q

T wave is usually positive EXCEPT in

a. aVR
b. AVF
c. II
d. AOTA

A

A; could also be negative in III, V1, V2

83
Q

MI

a. peaked T waves
b. inverted T waves
c. biphasic T wave

A

B

84
Q

Hyperkalemia

a. peaked T waves
b. inverted T waves
c. biphasic T wave

A

A

85
Q

Prolonged QT interval

a. hypocalcemia
b. hypercalcemia

A

A

86
Q

Part of ECG representing His-Purkinje system

A

U wave

87
Q

Left axis deviation value

A

-30 to -90deg

88
Q

Right axis deviation value

A

+90 to 180deg

89
Q

Normal axis

A

-30 to +90 deg

90
Q

Extreme exis

A

-90 to 180

91
Q

normal sinus rhythm:

cycle length do not vary by ___%

A

10%

92
Q

Left anterior fascicular block

a. left axis deviation
b. QRS duration<120msec
c. rS in II, III, aVF
d. qR in I and aVL
e. AOTA

A

E

93
Q 
Left posterior fascicular block
axis deviation:\_\_\_\_\_
rS pattern in \_\_ and \_\_\_
qR in \_\_\_\_\_
QRS duration:\_\_\_\_
A

RAD
I and avL
inferior leads
<120msec

94
Q

broad, notched R in V5-V6 and usually I and aVL

a. LBBB
b. RBBB

A

A

95
Q

deep S waves in v5-v6

a. LBBB
b. RBBB

A

B

96
Q

QRS duration in LBBB or RBBB

A

> =120msec

97
Q

ST elevation

a. ischemia
b. injury

A

B

98
Q

peaked T waves, ST elevation, significant Q waves

a. Ischemia
b. Injury
c. Infarction

A

C

99
Q

Criteria for significant ST elevation

A

1mm in at least 2 limb leads

2mm in at least 2 chest leads

100
Q

Definition of pathologic Qwave

A

> 25% of R wave amplitude and 0.04s duration

101
Q

inverted T waves, St depression

a. Ischemia
b. Infarction

A

A

102
Q

Septal MI

A

V1

V2

103
Q

Anterior MI

A

V3

V4

104
Q

Inferior MI

A

II, II aVF

105
Q

Lateral

A

I, AvL

106
Q

Anterolateral

A

V5, V6

107
Q

Definition of Ischemia based on T wave

A

T wave inversion of at least 1mm in two contiguous leads

108
Q

Peaked T waves

a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia

A

B

109
Q

Shortened QT interval

a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypercalcemia
d. hypocalcemia

A

C

110
Q

Prolonged QT interval

a. hypercalcemia
b. hypocalcemia
c. digitalis toxicity
d. hyperkalemia

A

B

111
Q

T/F U wave as tall as T wave is significant

A

T

112
Q

Prolonged PR interval >0.2s

a. 1st degree AV block
b. Wenkebach
c. Mobitz Type I
d. Mobitz Type II

A

A

113
Q 
Progressive prolongation of the PR interval until there is a dropped beat
a. 1st degree AV block
b. Mobitz Type I
c. Wenkebach
d. A and B
E. B and C
A

E

114
Q

Mobitz Type II 2nd degree AV block

a. regular P waves
b. dropped beat
c. PR interval does not change
d. AOTA

A

D

115
Q

QRS <0.12s

a. normal qrs
b. narrow qrs
c. wide qrs

A

B

116
Q

150-250 bpm

a. sinus tachycardia
b. SVT
c. Afib
d. VT

A

B

117
Q

Narrow QRS EXCEPT

a. SVT
b. VT

A

A

118
Q

Describe QRS of VT

A

Narrow

119
Q

narrow qrs tachycardia, 150-250 bpm, no p waves

A

SVT

120
Q

atrial firing in atrial fibrillation ___-___bpm

A

350-600/min

121
Q

Atrial rate of atrial flutter

A

250-350/min

122
Q

At least how many consecutive pVCs in ventricular tachycardia?

A

at least 3

123
Q

5 types of ventricular tachcardia

A 
nonsustained
sustained
monomorphic
polymorphic
torsades de pointes

M3 (66 decks)

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