Chapter 7 WB Flashcards
What is the normal position of the uterus called?
anteverted
What is an accessory organ to the female reproductive system?
breasts
Cystic distention of the epididymis is known as
spermatocele
Hydronephrosis is seen on the intravenous urogram (IVU) in what types of female carcinoma?
cervical
What glands secrete an alkaline fluid that protects the sperm from vaginal fluid?
Cowper glands (bulbourethral glands)
The process of the lobules of the breast decreasing in size and number is called
involution
The formation of sperm is known as
spermatogenesis
What hormone is responsible for adult male sexual behavior?
testosterone
What is the major disadvantage to the use of water-soluble contrast media in hysterosalpingography?
quick absorption of the medium
The uterus is made from paired ducts that fuse to become the uterus and the fallopian tubes. These ducts are known as
Mullerian ducts
What condition exists when there is a septum extending through the normal uterine body dividing it into two complete compartments?
septate uterus
T/F: Pyosalpinx may result if a tubal ovarian abscess is left untreated
true
T/F: A didelphic uterus is rare
true
T/F: If there is a uterine anomaly, there is likely to be renal agenesis on that side as well
true
T/F: Leiomyoma is another name for a fibroid
true
T/F: About 50%-60% of PID is caused by intrauterine device (IUDs)
false
T/F: National Cancer Institute guidelines state that women 50 years and older should have a yearly mammogram
true
T/F: An IVU shows the bladder indented by an enlarged uterus with cervical carcinoma
false
T/F: The most common cause of death in patients with cervical carcinoma is impaired renal function
true
T/F: Women who delay their first pregnancy tend to have a higher relative risk of breast cancer than women who have a pregnancy while still in their teens and early 20s
true
T/F: Young, nulligravida women have fat infiltration of the breasts
false
T/F: Benign breast lesions appear as sand-like grains of calcifications on the mammogram
false
T/F: Adenomyosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
false
T/F: the most common invasive gynecologic malignancy of the uterus is endometrial carcinoma
true
T/F: the condition of undescended testis is known as orchiopexy
false
T/F: Doppler ultrasound can be used to differentiate between testicular torsion and epididymitis
true
T/F: The characteristic “fish hook” appearance of the distal ureters is demonstrated on the IVU with prostatic hyperplasia
true
Which of the following concerning leiomyomas is not true?
1. can cause abortion
2. it thrives on estrogen
3. usually occurs in menopausal women
4. it can prevent delivery of fetus
usually occurs in menopausal women
If contrast media spills into the pelvis and outlines the small bowel loops during hysterosalpingography, one may assume
1. an error in technique
2. too much contrast was used
3. the tubes are patent
4. the bowel is abnormal
the tubes are patent
The absence of a uterus is known as
1. uterine aplasia
2. didelphic uterus
3. arcuate uterus
4. bicornuate uterus
uterine aplasia
What type of leiomyoma is mostly pedunculated?
1. subserous
2. intramural
3. submucosal
4. leiomyomata
subserous
Which is not a contraindication for doing hysterosalpingography?
1. PID
2. vaginal infection
3. pregnancy
4. infertility
infertility
What type of breast tissue enhances radiographic visibility of possible masses?
1. dense
2. fatty
3. mixed
4. cystic
fatty
Diagnostic indications for hysterosalpingography include all of the following except
1. habitual spontaneous abortions
2. amenorrhea
3. cervical infection
4. bleeding between cycles
cervical infection
Which is the most important function of mammography?
1. to show the size of the mass
2. early detection of breast cancer
3. reveal calcifications
4. demonstrate nipple retraction
early detection of breast cancer
Which study is done to evaluate testicular mass blood flow?
1. CT
2. hysterosalpingography
3. angiography
4. Doppler ultrasonography
Doppler ultrasonography
What term is used to denote a uterus wherein the fundus and body are posterior to the cervix?
1. anteflexion
2. retroflexed
3. retroversion
4. anteversion
retroflexed
most common benign tumor of the uterus
leiomyoma
usually occurs in nulliparous women over age of 30 years
endometriosis
may have a chocolate cyst associated with it
endometriosis
nonfusion of the Mullerian ducts beginning at the level of the fundus
arcuate
complete duplication of the reproductive organs
didelphic
common anomaly of having one vagina, cervix, and body but two fundi
bicornuate
the ingrowth of endometrium
adenomyosis
pus in the uterine tube
pyosalpinx
one half of a uterine cavity
unicornuate
most common congenital anomaly of the uterus
arcuate
an enlarged uterus with a single fallopian tube
unicornuate
often contain hair, fat, bone, or teeth
dermoid
enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts associated with Stein-Leventhal syndrome
polycystic ovaries
enlarged breast tissue in males
gynecomastia
has the highest mortality rate of all cancers in females
breast cancer
skeletal metastasis occur in approximately 75% of all cases
prostate cancer
undescended testicle
cryptorchidism
masses arising from unfertilized ova
dermoid
enlarged ovaries with many cysts
polycystic ovaries
pyosalpinx eventually leads to this
TOA
describe uterine aplasia
rare occasion where Mullerian ducts do not form in utero; therefore there can be no uterus
define didelphic uterus
rare condition where there is nonfusion of the two Mullerian ducts and results in complete duplication (two cervixes, two uterine tubes, and normal number of fallopian tubes
define bicornuate uterus
common duplication anomaly when the Mullerian ducts fuse to the level of the body so that there are two fundi
define unicornuate uterus
if only one duct forms, there can be no fusion and one duct remains as one half of an elongated uterus and only one fallopian tube
define bicornuate bicollic uterus
occurs when ducts fuse to level of cervix, creating one vagina, two cervixes, and two uterine bodies
define arcuate uterus
when nonfusion of Mullerian ducts begins at level of fundus; most common anomaly and produces only minimal external contour deformity
this cancer is the second most common in men
prostate
another name for uterine tubes
fallopian
the testicle twists over on its pedicle
torsion
where sperm mature
epididymis
cystic dilation of the epididymis
spermatocele
vaginal cuff around the cervix
fornix
a woman who has never been pregnant
nulligravada
male hormone
testosterone
formation of sperm
spermatogenesis
an overgrowth of the muscular wall of the uterus
fibroid
collection of fluid in the testes
hydrocele
surgical repair of an undescended testicle
orchiopexy
pus accumulation in fallopian tubes
pyosalpinx
paired ducts that fuse to form the uterus
Mullerian
glands that secrete fluid that protects the sperm
Cowper
term given to half of a uterus
unicornuate
in the female, this organ sits above the bladder
uterus
normal position of the uterus
anteverted
benign disease of the breast
fibrocystic
ingrowth of endometrium into the uterine musculature
adenomyosis
common benign breast tumor
fibroadenoma
undescended testes
cryptochidism
fatty infiltration of the breasts
involution
oily contrast used for hysterosalpingography
ethiodol
creates what are known as chocolate cysts
endometriosis
most common modality for imaging breasts
mammography
removal of a testicle
orchiectomy
