Chapter 1 Key Terms Flashcards
Abscess
localized collection of pus and necrotic tissue
Altered tissue growth (or growth disturbance)
it is a departure from normal tissue growth caused by multiplication of cells
Anoxia
absence or almost complete absence of oxygen
Atrophy
a wasting away of tissue, organs, or the entire body
Benign neoplasm
noncancerous tumor
Congenital
existing at birth
Congestion
increase blood supply at the site of injury caused by vasodilation
Degeneration
deterioration
Diagnosis
the determination of the nature of a disease
Differentiation
the possession of one or more characteristics or functions different from that of the original type of tissue
Disease
any abnormal change of the function or structure within the body
Embolus
a mass occluding a vessel usually thought of as a blood clot
Endogenous
infection caused by an agent already present in the body
Etiology
the science and study of the causes of disease
Exogenous
originating or produced outside the organism
Exudate
thick cloudy fluid full of live and dead protein
Frequency
rate of occurrence of a pathologic process
Functional disease
disease that alters function of the organ
Grading
classification of the degree of malignancy
Growth disturbance (or altered growth disturbance)
it is a departure from normal tissue growth caused by multiplication of cells
Hereditary
transmitted by parent to offspring through germ cells
Hyperplasia
exaggerated response to stimuli causing an increase in number of cells
Hypertrophy
increase in the size of an organ
Hypoxia
decrease of oxygen to below normal levels
Iatrogenic
unfavorable response that is induced by the treatment for another process
Idiopathic
of unknown cause
Incidence
number of persons falling ill with a specific disease in a given time frame
Infarct
an area of necrotic tissue
Infections
invasion of the body with organisms that have potential to cause disease
Inflammation
response of tissue to injury or destruction
Invasion
a method of metastasis to occur; direct extension of neoplastic cells into surrounding tissue
Ischemia
deficiency of oxygen and blood in the muscle
Lesions
pathologic change in tissue
Malignant neoplasm
cancerous tumor
Manifestations
observed changes of the patient due to disease
Metaplasia
transformation of a differentiated tissue into an abnormal tissue
Metastasis
spread of diseased cells from one location to another
Morbidity rate
proportion of people in a population with a given disease in a given time frame
Mortality rate
estimate of number of population that will die from a disease during a specific period of time
Necrosis
death of cells in an injured area
Neoplasia
abnormal tissue growth by cellular proliferation more rapidly than normal
Nosocomial
new process associated with being treated in a hospital
Pathogenesis
sequence of events that renders the disease apparent
Pathology
science concerned with all aspects of disease
Phagocytosis
engulfing microbiological organisms by phagocytes in order to neutralize and destroy injurious agents
Prevalence
refers to the number of people who have a given pathologic process
Procedures
an act or treatment conducted to make a diagnosis
Prognosis
a forecast of the probable course or outcome of a disease
Purulent
containing pus
Signs
abnormality indicative of disease that is discovered by the patient
Staging
description of the extent of involvement of a disease process
Structural disease
physical and biochemical changes within the cell that alter the organ
Sublethal cell injury
injury to a cell that does not cause it to die
Suppurative inflammation
an inflammation that exudes pus
Symptoms
departure from the normal as experienced by the patient
Tests
method to determine the presence or absence of a disease in fluid, tissue, or excretions of the body
Thrombus
a clot in the cardiovascular system
Transudate
fluid that has passed through a normal membrane as a result of an imbalance of osmotic pressure
Trauma
refers to a physical injury, but can be a mental injury
