Chapter 3 WB Flashcards
what is the name of the area of bifurcation of the trachea?
carina
which hilum should always appear higher on the radiograph?
left hilum
supine chest images are unacceptable because they cause the appearance of what pathology of the heart?
chronic heart failure
the confluence of major bronchi and vessels in each lung is called
hilum
in the lung, a localized necrosis of tissue is known as
lung abscesses
name the layers of the pleura of the lung
visceral pleura and parietal pleura
what procedure may be required to confirm the diagnosis of bronchiectasis when routine chest images are inconclusive?
bronchoscopy
name the three most common pneumoconioses
silicosis, asbestosis, and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP)
what is the hereditary disease in which thick mucus is secreted and affects the lungs?
cystic fibrosis (CF)
the functional unit for gas exchange in the lungs is the
thin-walled alveoli
when areas of fluid consolidation collapse and oppose each other, they cause the bronchi to become visible
this is known as what radiographic sign?
“air bronchogram”
with what pathology is a lung edge seen?
pneumothorax
permanent dilation of the bronchi is known as
bronchiectasis
obstruction of a bronchus is the most common cause of
atelectatsis
T/F: calcification in a coil lesion of the lung usually means the lesion is benign
true
T/F: emphysema is another name for atelectasis
false
T/F: lobar pneumonia mostly involves lung alveoli of an entire lobe
false
T/F: rotation of the patient during chest radiography may cause the appearance of loss of lung volume
true
T/F: lobar pneumonia is an acute disease caused by a bacterial organism
true
T/F: embolic abscess is due to an infected blood clot reaching the lung
true
T/F: when a pneumothorax is suspected, the radiographer should take an expiration and inspiration PA chest radiograph
false?
T/F: one common reason for obtaining a chest radiograph is a patient history of asthma
true
T/F: bronchitis is the medical term for infection of the air sacs within the lungs
false
T/F: emphysema is incurable
true
T/F: pleurisy refers to an inflammation of the lining of the lungs
true
T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause a collapsed lung or a portion of it
true
T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause an abscess of the lung
true
T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause aspiration pneumonia
true
T/F: pneumonia is a term used to describe an inflammation of the bronchus
false (lungs)
T/F: centrilobular emphysema is more commonly known as chronic obstructive pulmonary edema
false
T/F: leather lung disease is so called because the lung becomes stiff and brittle
true
T/F: interstitial pneumonia is also known as viral pneumonia
true
an overexpanded lung can cause all of the following except
1. mediastinal shift
2. atelectasis
3. flattened diaphragm
4. pleural effusion
flattened diaphragm
to check for deep inspiration in an adult, the diaphragm should be at which level?
T-11
which of the following chest pathologies would require a decrease in technique from a “normal” chest x-ray?
1. atelectasis
2. pneumothorax
3. pleural effusion
4. pneumonia
pneumothorax
the carina is found at the level of
T-5
if an upright chest radiograph cannot be performed, what position is used to demonstrate pleural effusion?
lateral decubitus
patient rotation can be evaluated on a PA chest image by assessing
sternoclavicular joint assymmetry
which of the following respiratory disorders is not associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
1. bronchitis
2. emphysema
3. tuberculosis
4. croup
croup
caused by infection or allergies which cause mucosal swelling
asthma
chest images show a rounded opacity, currently the leading tumor in men
bronchogenic carcinoma
the condition of a collapsed lung
atelectasis
umbrella term for emphysema or bronchitis
COPD
dilation of smaller bronchi of the lung
bronchiectasis
chest radiograph shows air-fluid levels with a cavity; a thick wall surrounds the cavity
abscess
condition of having inflammation of the pleura
pleurisy
blood in the pleural cavity
hemothorax
affected lobe shows as a radiopaque area on the chest x-ray
atelectasis
fluid in the pleural cavity
pleural effusion
air in the pleural cavity
pneumothorax
caused by a deficiency of surfactant called lipoprotein in the alveoli of the lung of a premature infant
hyaline membrane disease
radiograph demonstrates cavitation and calcification
tuberculosis
inflammation of the lungs
pneumonitis
shortness of breath
dyspnea
lung carcinoma that appears as multiple round masses throughout the lungs
nodular metastatic carcinoma
localized necrosis of tissues surrounded by inflammatory debris
abscess
fluid in the lungs
pulmonary edema
most common process of hospitalized surgical patients and is fatal in 50% of all cases
pulmonary emboli
patients have diminished heart size and flat diaphragm
emphysema
shows the meniscus sign
pleural effusion
