Chapter 2 WB

Question 1

name the type of fracture that occurs at sites of maximum stress but without trauma

Answer 1

fatigue (or march/stress) fracture

Question 2

what is the condition when a vertebra takes on the appearance of the one above or below it?

Answer 2

transitional vertebra

Question 3

what type of fracture may accompany a dislocated shoulder?

Answer 3

avulsion or chip fracture

Question 4

what type of cell is associated with absorption and removal of bone?

Answer 4

osteoclasts

Question 5

name the two divisions of the skeleton

Answer 5

axial and appendicular

Question 6

radiography is not as sensitive to bone destruction as which modality?

Answer 6

NM

Question 7

at least _____% of the bone is destroyed before radiography shows visible changes

Answer 7

30-50%

Question 8

giant cell tumors are also known as

Answer 8

osteoclastomas

Question 9

what type of fracture causes the cortex to fold back onto itself?

Answer 9

torus

Question 10

which primary malignant tumor is really of the blood plasma cells and not of bone tissue itself?

Answer 10

multiple myeloma

Question 11

T/F: a “sail sign” is indicative of an injured elbow

Answer 11

true

Question 12

T/F: CT can reveal lesions, fractures, bone mineralization, and soft tissue involvement

Answer 12

true

Question 13

T/F: osteoblasts are the bone reabsorber cells of the body

Answer 13

false (osteoclasts)

Question 14

T/F: a Smith fracture is of the distal radius with forward displacement

Answer 14

true

Question 15

T/F: in fibrous dysplasia, the radiograph shows a well-circumscribed lesion with thin bands of sclerosis

Answer 15

true

Question 16

T/F: nuclear medicine studies can demonstrate the joint space, menisci, ligaments, and cartilage

Answer 16

false (CT and MRI)

Question 17

T/F: sacralization occurs when L5 fuses with the sacrum

Answer 17

true

Question 18

T/F: ossification is the process of bone replacing hyaline cartilage

Answer 18

true

Question 19

T/F: areas of dead bone are termed callus

Answer 19

false (sequestrum)

Question 20

T/F: primary bone malignancies are the most common type of bone tumor found

Answer 20

false (metastatic bone tumors)

Question 21

T/F: bursitis is caused by excess stress on the joint

Answer 21

true

Question 22

T/F: DXA is a type of bone scan that will show infections

Answer 22

false

Question 23

neoplastic bone changes involve

Answer 23

a combination of benign tumors, malignant tumors, and diffuse disease

Question 24

an abnormal decrease in bone density resulting from failure of the osteoblasts to produce bone is called

Answer 24

osteoporosis

Question 25

a fracture that involves the pulling loose of bone by a ligament or tendon is called

Answer 25

avulsion

Question 26

if the bone fragment pierces the overlying skin, the fracture is said to be

Answer 26

compound

Question 27

the substance that grows between the ends of bone fragments and is eventually changed into osseous tissue in the healing process is known as

Answer 27

callus

Question 28

a transverse fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement of the fragment is called

Answer 28

Colles

Question 29

a fracture that results from disease is known as

Answer 29

pathologic

Question 30

arthritis characterized by inflammation and thickening of the synovial membrane, swelling, joint dysfunction, and bilateral joint involvement is known as

Answer 30

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 31

a malignant neoplastic disease occurring in young children is

Answer 31

Ewing sarcoma

Question 32

what type of fracture occurs when one fragment end is driven up into the other fragment end as in a telescope?

Answer 32

impacted

Question 33

aging and postmenopausal hormonal changes are the major cause of

Answer 33

osteoporosis

Question 34

this fracture involves the medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle with dislocation

Answer 34

Pott

Question 35

which of the following lines the marrow cavity?

Answer 35

endosteum

Question 36

which is not a manifestation of achondroplasia?

Answer 36

normal size extremities

Question 37

compression fractures of the thoracic spine and fractures of the hip are common in women with

Answer 37

osteoporosis

Question 38

which is a type of chondroma?

Answer 38

exostosis

Question 39

which is not a type of fracture?

Answer 39

Pott

Question 40

the term used when fractures are placed in as close to normal position as possible after a fracture is

Answer 40

reduction

Question 41

which statement is incorrect? 1. rickets is a metabolic bone disease 2. osteopetrosis is a marble bone disease 3. impaction relates to a bone that is splintered 4. skull sutures are synarthrodial joints

Answer 41

rickets is a metabolic bone disease

Question 42

when the "sail sign" is seen on a lateral radiograph of a traumatized elbow

Answer 42

fracture should be suspected

Question 43

inflammation of the vertebrae would be referred to as

Answer 43

spondylitis

Question 44

a stellate fracture appears like

Answer 44

a star-shaped depression

Question 45

which of the following shows blurred bilateral SI joints and a "bamboo" spine?

Answer 45

rheumatoid spondylitis

Question 46

fracture of the base of the first metacarpal

Answer 46

Bennett

Question 47

flattened femoral head is associated with this

Answer 47

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Question 48

brittle bone disease

Answer 48

OI

Question 49

separation of the tuberosity from the tibia

Answer 49

Osgood-Schlatter

Question 50

caused by vitamin deficiency

Answer 50

osteomalacia

Question 51

marble bone disease

Answer 51

osteopetrosis

Question 52

partial dislocation

Answer 52

subluxation

Question 53

infection of the bone and the marrow

Answer 53

osteomyelitis

Question 54

fracture where the two ends are pressed toward the middle

Answer 54

compression

Question 55

most common type of arthritis

Answer 55

osteoarthritis

Question 56

most common primary malignant bone tumor

Answer 56

multiple myeloma

Question 57

abnormal decrease in bone density due to lack of calcium

Answer 57

osteomalacia

Question 58

failure of cartilage to form properly leading to short stature

Answer 58

achondroplasia

Question 59

associated with kidney stones owing to calcium excreted in urine

Answer 59

osteoporosis

Question 60

also called Paget disease

Answer 60

osteitis deformans

Question 61

benign tumor from the cortex of bone and capped by cartilage

Answer 61

osteochondroma

Question 62

may be misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis

Answer 62

Ewing sarcoma

Question 63

classic appearance of "bubbles"

Answer 63

osteoclastoma

Question 64

classic appearance of "rugger jersey" spine

Answer 64

osteodystrophy

Question 65

classic appearance of "Swiss cheese" skull

Answer 65

multiple myeloma

Question 66

classic appearance of "cotton wool" skull

Answer 66

osteitis deformans

Question 67

classic appearance of "spurring" at joint space

Answer 67

osteoarthritis

Question 68

most common nonarthritic joint ailment

Answer 68

bursitis

Question 69

leads to boutonniere or swan-neck deformity

Answer 69

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 70

fracture with multiple fragments

Answer 70

communited

Question 71

"chip" fracture that can occur with dislocations

Answer 71

avulsion