Chapter 10 WB Flashcards
the release of glucagon into the body is the responsibility of which organ
pancreas
another name for adrenaline is
epinephrine
list two manifestations of Cushing syndrome
osteoporosis and compression fracture
which gland controls the pituitary gland
hypothalamus
name the gland that is located anteriorly in the neck
thyroid
name the two parts of the parathyroid glands
superior pair and inferior pair
list the two functions of the parathyroid glands
regulates phosphorus and calcium
name the master gland of the body
pituitary gland or hypophysis
what is the name of the funnel-shaped passage that connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland
pituitary stalk
what are the names of the lobes of the pituitary gland
anterior lobe and posterior lobe
which lobe of the pituitary gland secretes an antidiuretic hormone that stimulates water reabsorption by tubules of the kidneys
posterior lobe
which part of the adrenal gland is indispensable to life
cortex
which part of the adrenal gland secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
adrenal medulla
what is probably the best imaging modality to demonstrate the adrenal glands
CT
secretion of hormones is controlled by what type of mechanism
feedback mechanism
name the two types of iodine-laden hormones
thyroxin and triiodothyronin
name the male hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
androgen
pituitary insufficiency in children causes which condition
dwarfism
premature senility (progeria) is known as _____ syndrome
Simmonds
thyroid insufficiency in adults causes edema of the face and eyelids. this condition is known as
myxedema
T/F: androgen is able to cause some blood vessels to dilate to provide more blood to muscles that need oxygen
false
T/F: a complication of Cushing syndrome is compression fracture of the vertebral bodies
true
T/F: neuroblastoma is the most common malignancy found in adults
false
T/F: diabetes mellitus results if the pancreas does not secrete insulin
true
T/F: a goiter is the result of enlargement of the parathyroid gland
false
T/F: dietary deficiency of iodine may cause hypothyroidism
true
T/F: hyperthyroidism can produce weight loss and resltessness
true
T/F: metabolism of proteins and fats is regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone
false
T/F: the patient with Cushing syndrome may present with nephrocalcinosis
true
T/F: spontaneous fractures caused by diffuse osteoporosis are a complication of Addison disease
false
T/F: the characteristic “rugger jersey” spine is seen in patients with hyperparathyroidism as a result of renal failure
true
T/F: calcification is a common finding in neuroblastoma
true
T/F: thyroid adenomas are a benign condition
true
T/F: a neuroblastoma displaces the collecting system within the kidney
false
T/F: polyuria is a common characteristic of diabetes mellitus
true
T/F: all of the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are steriods
true
T/F: patients that fall into the category of prediabetics have developed abnormal glucose tolerance test results
false
T/F: thyroid hormones are necessary for normal growth and development
true
T/F: hyperpituitarism results from an excessive secretion of the growth hormone
true
which of the following secretes glucocorticoids?
1. adrenals
2. pituitary
3. pancreas
4. thyroid
adrenals
which is the leading cause of death in persons with diabetes
1. arteriosclerosis
2. gangrene
3. hypoglycemia
4. renal failure
renal failure
which is caused by pathology of the pancreas
1. diabetes insipidus
2. diabetes mellitus
3. myxedema
4. dwarfism
diabetes mellitus
endocrine glands are also called
ductless glands
exophthalmos refers to a visible abnormality of the
eyes
the coloration of the skin is due to the presence of
melanin
the parathyroid glands secrete a hormone that regulates the metabolism of
calcium
which is not secreted by the gonads
1. testosterone
2. melatonin
3. estrogen
4. progesterone
melatonin
which hormone suppresses the amount of urine formed by promoting water reabsorption
1. antidiuretic
2. renin
3. TSH
4. secretin
antidiuretic
the thyroid function is best demonstrated by
nuclear medicine
a major complication of diabetes is
arteriosclerosis
chronic adrenocortical insufficiency is the cause of
Addison disease
which of the following modalities will not be able to visualize the pineal gland
1. ultrasound
2. CT
3. MRI
4. nuclear medicine
ultrasound
which hormone is not secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
1. somatotropin
2. prolactin
3. oxytocin
4. follicle-stimulating hormone
oxytocin
the most common cause of hypopituitarism is
pituitary adenoma
Addison disease may result from
hypothyroidism
which of the following tumors will occur more commonly in children under the age of 5
1. hypernephroma
2. Wilms tumor
3. neuroblastoma
4. renal adenocarcinoma
Wilms tumor
which area is the most commonly seen neuroarthropathy with diabetes mellitus
1. fingers
2. ankle/foot
3. elbow
4. pelvis
ankle/foot
growth hormone
pituitary
epininephrine
adrenals
prolactin
pituitary
insulin
pancreas
luteinizing hormone
pituitary
glucagon
pancreas
calcitonin
thyroid
steriods
adrenals
estrogen
adrenals
ACTH
pituitary
excessive administration of glucocorticoids
Cushing syndrome
enlargement of hands and feet
acromegaly
insufficiency of thyroid hormone
infantile hypothyroidism
ACTH deficiency
Addison disease
insufficiency of the antidiuretic hormone
diabetes insipidus
