Chapter 6 WB Flashcards
The urinary bladder has three openings connected by a wall of muscle. This area is called the
trigone
Name the functioning unit of the kidney
nephron
In the presence of renal artery stenosis, the kidney releases an enzyme that causes vasoconstriction. Name that enzyme
rennin
Congenital absence of a kidney is known as
renal agenesis
Congenital fusion of the lower poles of the kidneys is known as
horseshoe kidney
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the urinary system?
bifid system
What term denotes inflammation of the renal pelvis?
pyelonephritis
What procedure is done by inserting a catheter into the renal pelvis from the posterior lateral aspect of the body and injecting contrast material?
PAP
Which procedure is performed by inserting a catheter through the bladder, into the ureter, next to the renal pelvis, and then injecting contrast material?
retrograde cystography
Which of the following is nicknamed “cobra head” because of its radiographic appearance?
ureterocele
Which is a malignant neoplasm of the kidney occurring in children?
Wilms tumor
What condition causes the notched appearance that an enlarged prostate gives to the bladder?
hypertrophic prostate
A condition of kidney that occurs secondarily to inflammation caused by immunologic factors is
glomerulonephritis
Which of the following means “floating kidney”?
nephroptosis
Which one of the following procedures is performed by intravenous injection of the contrast medium?
nephrography
What procedure is done to see if a transplanted kidney is functioning poorly?
nuclear medicine
Blood in the urine is termed
hematuria
Which of the following is common in women and is caused by bacteria?
hematuria
How long does it take before injected contrast material reaches its greatest level of concentration in the renal collecting system?
15 minutes
What is the first portion of the excretory system to be shown by the IVU?
calyces
Which of the following renal conditions can lead to stroke or a heart attack?
hypertension
This condition is associated with renal agenesis on one side
hyperplasia
Enlargement of one kidney owing to the absence of kidney on the other side
hyperplasia
One kidney is located across the midline on the same side as the other
crossed ectopy
Also known as Bright disease
glomerulonephritis
Absence of one kidney
renal agenesis
Inflammatory disease of the glomeruli
glomerulonephritis
Misplaced kidneys usually found in the pelvis
renal ectopy
Prostate gland enlargement
prostatic hypertrophy
Fusion of both kidneys on one side of the body
horseshoe kidney
Done for patients who are allergic to contrast media or who have an elevated blood urea nitrogen level
ultrasound
Uses focused shock waves to disintegrate renal stones
ESWL
When one kidney lies either partially or completely across the midline and is fused with upper kidney at its lower pole
crossed ectopy
Inflammation of the bladder
cystitis
A floating kidney (anterior surface of kidney is not attached to the peritoneum)
nephroptosis
total failure of kidney to develop
renal agenesis
condition of misplaced kidney, usually found in pelvis
renal ectopy
