Chapter 6

Question 1

what are four components for the skeletal system

Answer 1

bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments

Question 2

what are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 2

framework for the body
protection
allow movement
store minerals in bone
stores adipose in bone cavity
red bone marrow- hematopoiesis

Question 3

what do tendons attach

Answer 3

muscle to bones

Question 4

what do ligaments hold

Answer 4

bone together

Question 5

what are the three types of cartilage

Answer 5

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Question 6

what cartilage is from embryonic skeleton and makes bone

it is often at the end of bones to help with glide vs friction

has a glassy background and collagen

Answer 6

hyaline

Question 7

what type of cartilage has elastin, is flexible usually in external ear and epiglottis

Answer 7

elastic

Question 8

what cartilage has collagen fibers and is strong

usually found in pubic symphysis, knee meniscus, and in intervertebral discs

Answer 8

fibrocartilage

Question 9

what are two ways for cartilage growth

Answer 9

appositional and interstitial

Question 10

name for cartilage forming cells that secrete new matrix against external face of existing cartilage

Answer 10

appositional

Question 11

chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix and expand cartilage from within

Answer 11

interstitial

Question 12

reinforced concrete is called

Answer 12

bone matrix

Question 13

flexible strength is

Answer 13

collagen

Question 14

if collagen is lose than it is

Answer 14

brittle

Question 15

name bone cells

Answer 15

osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts

Question 16

ossification bone types are

Answer 16

woven and lamellar bone

Question 17

final bone types are

Answer 17

compact and spongy

Question 18

what bone cell build matrix

Answer 18

osteoblasts

Question 19

what lays down new bone on surface (appositional)

Answer 19

osteoblasts

Question 20

what maintains matrix, 90-95% bone cells and arise from osteoblasts

Answer 20

osteocytes

Question 21

what bone cell live long and up to 25 year

Answer 21

osteocytes

Question 22

what bone cell is found in lacunae and communicate via canaliculi

Answer 22

osteocyte

Question 23

what bone cell breakdown matrix (reabsorption)

Answer 23

osteoclasts

Question 24

what brings calcium into the blood and arise in the red bone marrow

Answer 24

osteoclasts

Question 25

where does ossification occur

Answer 25

as fetus, when we grow, and when we repair fracture

Question 26

what is formed first by osteoblasts and are weak due to random placement of collagen

Answer 26

woven bones

Question 27

woven is broken down by

Answer 27

osteoclasts

Question 28

what is formed by osteoblasts to build stronger, more permanent bone

Answer 28

lamellar bone

Question 29

what is arranged in concentric sheets/layers= lamellae

have a parallel arrangement= strong

Answer 29

lamellar bone

Question 30

what appears porous, with more space

consists of trabeculae= interconnected rods

thin, found along mechanical stress lines

Answer 30

spongy bone

Question 31

what has more bone matrix
dense, solid outer layer
osteon/haversian system=unit
concentric rings of lamellae

Answer 31

compact bone