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Human Structure and Function I > Chapter 4 Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Part 1 Flashcards

Tissues

1
Q

what is histology

A

study of tissues

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2
Q

what is a group of cells with the same structure and functioin

A

tissue

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3
Q

what does tissue mean

A

woven

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4
Q

what is blood/csf

A

check for sickle cell, bacteria/ viral infection

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5
Q

what is a biopsy

A

removal of tissue via surgery or needle for diagnosis

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6
Q

what is an autopsy

A

postmortem exam to determine cause of death

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7
Q

what are the 3 primary germ layers

A

endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm

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8
Q

what is the inner layer in the GI tract , often seen in digestive and respiratory tract

A

endoderm

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9
Q

what is the middle layer often seen in muscular and skeletal system and is the dermis of the skin

A

mesodern

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10
Q

what is the outer layer in skin and gives rise to all nervous tissue

A

ectoderm

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11
Q

what are four tissue types

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

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12
Q

what tissue plays a role in protection and has no blood supply

A

epithelial

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13
Q

what tissue connections to the epithelial and allows filtration

A

connective

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14
Q

what tissue allows contraction and movement

A

muscle

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15
Q

what tissue is the master controller of the body and is responsible for communication

A

nervous

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16
Q

what tissue is predominately cells and covers body surfaces

A

epithelial tissue

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17
Q

what is tissue is capable of regeneration (mitosis)

A

epithelial

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18
Q

what is the role of cell connections

A

anchor cells to one another and to the basement membrane

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19
Q

what are the 3 functions of cell connections

A

mechanically bind cells together, form a permeability barrier, and are a mechanism for intercellular communication

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20
Q

what cell connection bind epithelial cells together and are found in areas of mechanical stress

A

desmosomes

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21
Q

what cell connection binds cells to basement membrane and anchors to prevent movement of tissue

A

hemidesmosomes

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22
Q

what cell connection anchor cells to one another and form barriers to molecule movement between epithelial cells

A

tight junctions

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23
Q

what cell connection is found just below tight junctions and help tight junctions anchor epithelial cells to each other

A

adhesion belts

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24
Q

what connection allows intercellular communication. contact region with protein channels that allows small molecules to go between cells

A

gap junctions

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25
Q

what connectioin is found in cardiac muscle, and uses electrical signaling. consists of gap junctions and desmosomes that maintain cell contact with one another

A

intercalated discs

26
Q

what are six functions of epithelial tissue

A

protection acts as a barrier (waterproofing), diffusion, filtration, secretion, and absorption

27
Q

what are 3 specializations of epithelial tissue

A

goblet cells, cilia, microvili

28
Q

locations of epithelial tissues

A

skin, mucous membranes, digestive and respiratory tract, heart and blood vessels, and cavity walls

29
Q

exocrine=

A

grandular

30
Q

what is it called when it secretes to surface area skin

A

exocrine

31
Q

endocrine=

A

ductless gland

32
Q

what is it called when it secretes into blood

A

endocrine

33
Q

simple means how many layers with how many types

A

1 and 4 types

34
Q

stratified means how many layers and types

A

more than one layer and 4 types

35
Q

squamous means

A

flattened

36
Q

cuboidal means

A

cube

37
Q

columnar means

A

column

38
Q

simple squamous epithelium is what and how are they lined up

A

1 layer of flat cells, nuclei horizontally distended

39
Q

what is the role of simple squamous epithelium

A

it creates lots of surface area to aid in gases diffusing

diffusion, filtration, secretion, and protect from friction

40
Q

where are simple squamous epithelial cells found

A

in the heart and bv, lung alveoli, kidney tubules, serous membrane linings

41
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium is what

A

1 layer of cubed cells, microvilli seen in kidney tubules and cilia in lung bronchioles

42
Q

what epithelium has max cell volume with minimal surface area with a high metabolism and mitosis

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

43
Q

what is the role of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

secretion / absorption by kidney tubules and secretion by glands and movement of mucus

44
Q

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found

A

in kidney tubules, glands/ ducts, choroid plexus of the brain, ovarian surface, the lining of terminal bronchioles of lungs

45
Q

1 layer of columnar cells

A

simple columnar epithelium

46
Q

cilia in lung bronchioles, uterine tubes, microvilli in intestines and tight junctions join cells

A

simple columnar epithelium

47
Q

role of simple columnar epithelium

A

movement of mucus, help move oocyte through uterine tube, secretion by glands, stomach, intestine, absorption by intestines

48
Q

location of simple columnar epithelium

A

glands/ ducts, lung bronchioles, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, intestine

49
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

1 layer of columnar cells some apical surface other do not. the nuclei are not uniform and there are different levels

50
Q

whose role is making, secreting, and moving mucus

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

51
Q

what is found in nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, trachea and bronchi

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

52
Q

what epithelium layer plays a role in protection against abrasion, barrier from infection, reduces water loss from body

A

stratified squamous epithelium

53
Q

what is several layers thick, flattened cells at surface to cuboidal in basal layer

A

stratified squamous epithelium

54
Q

where are stratified squamous epithelium cells found

A

skin epidermis (keratinized) and nonkeratinized is mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina

55
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelium is

A

multiple layers of cube-shaped cells

56
Q

where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found

A

sweat and salivary gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells

57
Q

what layer is found in mammary gland ducts, larynx and part of the male urethra

A

stratified columnar epithelium

58
Q

whos role is accomodation of flux of fluid volume and protects against caustic effect of urine

A

transitional epithelium

59
Q

what cells are found in the lining of the urinary bladder, ureter, and upper urethra

A

transitional epithelium

60
Q

what makes up transitional epithelium

A

stratified cells that look cuboidal when not stretched and squamous when distended by fluid

Human Structure and Function I (10 decks)

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