Chapter 4 Part 1 Flashcards
Tissues
what is histology
study of tissues
what is a group of cells with the same structure and functioin
tissue
what does tissue mean
woven
what is blood/csf
check for sickle cell, bacteria/ viral infection
what is a biopsy
removal of tissue via surgery or needle for diagnosis
what is an autopsy
postmortem exam to determine cause of death
what are the 3 primary germ layers
endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm
what is the inner layer in the GI tract , often seen in digestive and respiratory tract
endoderm
what is the middle layer often seen in muscular and skeletal system and is the dermis of the skin
mesodern
what is the outer layer in skin and gives rise to all nervous tissue
ectoderm
what are four tissue types
epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
what tissue plays a role in protection and has no blood supply
epithelial
what tissue connections to the epithelial and allows filtration
connective
what tissue allows contraction and movement
muscle
what tissue is the master controller of the body and is responsible for communication
nervous
what tissue is predominately cells and covers body surfaces
epithelial tissue
what is tissue is capable of regeneration (mitosis)
epithelial
what is the role of cell connections
anchor cells to one another and to the basement membrane
what are the 3 functions of cell connections
mechanically bind cells together, form a permeability barrier, and are a mechanism for intercellular communication
what cell connection bind epithelial cells together and are found in areas of mechanical stress
desmosomes
what cell connection binds cells to basement membrane and anchors to prevent movement of tissue
hemidesmosomes
what cell connection anchor cells to one another and form barriers to molecule movement between epithelial cells
tight junctions
what cell connection is found just below tight junctions and help tight junctions anchor epithelial cells to each other
adhesion belts
what connection allows intercellular communication. contact region with protein channels that allows small molecules to go between cells
gap junctions
what connectioin is found in cardiac muscle, and uses electrical signaling. consists of gap junctions and desmosomes that maintain cell contact with one another
intercalated discs
what are six functions of epithelial tissue
protection acts as a barrier (waterproofing), diffusion, filtration, secretion, and absorption
what are 3 specializations of epithelial tissue
goblet cells, cilia, microvili
locations of epithelial tissues
skin, mucous membranes, digestive and respiratory tract, heart and blood vessels, and cavity walls
exocrine=
grandular
what is it called when it secretes to surface area skin
exocrine
endocrine=
ductless gland
what is it called when it secretes into blood
endocrine
simple means how many layers with how many types
1 and 4 types
stratified means how many layers and types
more than one layer and 4 types
squamous means
flattened
cuboidal means
cube
columnar means
column
simple squamous epithelium is what and how are they lined up
1 layer of flat cells, nuclei horizontally distended
what is the role of simple squamous epithelium
it creates lots of surface area to aid in gases diffusing
diffusion, filtration, secretion, and protect from friction
where are simple squamous epithelial cells found
in the heart and bv, lung alveoli, kidney tubules, serous membrane linings
simple cuboidal epithelium is what
1 layer of cubed cells, microvilli seen in kidney tubules and cilia in lung bronchioles
what epithelium has max cell volume with minimal surface area with a high metabolism and mitosis
simple cuboidal epithelium
what is the role of simple cuboidal epithelium
secretion / absorption by kidney tubules and secretion by glands and movement of mucus
where is simple cuboidal epithelium found
in kidney tubules, glands/ ducts, choroid plexus of the brain, ovarian surface, the lining of terminal bronchioles of lungs
1 layer of columnar cells
simple columnar epithelium
cilia in lung bronchioles, uterine tubes, microvilli in intestines and tight junctions join cells
simple columnar epithelium
role of simple columnar epithelium
movement of mucus, help move oocyte through uterine tube, secretion by glands, stomach, intestine, absorption by intestines
location of simple columnar epithelium
glands/ ducts, lung bronchioles, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, intestine
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
1 layer of columnar cells some apical surface other do not. the nuclei are not uniform and there are different levels
whose role is making, secreting, and moving mucus
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
what is found in nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, trachea and bronchi
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
what epithelium layer plays a role in protection against abrasion, barrier from infection, reduces water loss from body
stratified squamous epithelium
what is several layers thick, flattened cells at surface to cuboidal in basal layer
stratified squamous epithelium
where are stratified squamous epithelium cells found
skin epidermis (keratinized) and nonkeratinized is mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina
stratified cuboidal epithelium is
multiple layers of cube-shaped cells
where is stratified cuboidal epithelium found
sweat and salivary gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells
what layer is found in mammary gland ducts, larynx and part of the male urethra
stratified columnar epithelium
whos role is accomodation of flux of fluid volume and protects against caustic effect of urine
transitional epithelium
what cells are found in the lining of the urinary bladder, ureter, and upper urethra
transitional epithelium
what makes up transitional epithelium
stratified cells that look cuboidal when not stretched and squamous when distended by fluid
