about the cranial nerves Flashcards
sense of smell
olfactory
test via sniff aromatic substance
olfactory
homeostatic imbalance - anosmia
olfactory
sense of vision
optic
thalamus relay to occipital snellen eye chart to test; damage= affected eye blindness
optic
eye movement (4 of 6 extrinsic eye muscle)
oculomotor
parasympathetic fiberx to sphincter pupillae- pupil restriction
oculomotor
damage to oculomotor nerve means
not move eye up down in. lateral rotationi at rest. ptosis. double vision
eye movement of superior oblique extrinsic eye muscle
trochlear
you test the trochlear with one nerve
CNIII
eye movement of lateral rectus
abducens
damage to trochlear causes
double vision and not rotate eye inferolateral
what nerve do you test with abducens
CNIII
damage to abducens causes
not move laterally
rest medially
largest cranial nerve
trigeminal
sensory to face, motor to mastication muscles
trigeminal
3 branches of trigeminal
ophthalmic VI
maxillary V2
mandibular V3
corneal reflex (blind is what nerve)
ophthalmic VI
pain, touch temperature (cheek)
maxillary V2
clench teeth, open jaw- chewing
manidbular V3
5 branches, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
facial
sense of taste is what portion of the tongue
anterior 2/3
motor to muscle of facial expression
facial
parasympathetic fibers to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal gland, nasal cavity, palate glands
facial
facial nerves test for
taste, check facial symmetry, assess tearing
damage to facial nerve results in
facial palsy, lose taste, decreased salivation
sense of hearing and balance
vestibulocochlear
parasympathetic fibers to sphincter pupillae=
pupil restriction
what does vestibulocohlear test for
air and bone conduction via tuning fork
damage to vestibulocochlear results in
loss of hearing, loss of balance
sensory to taste
glossopharyngeal
posterior 1/3 tongue
glossopharyngeal
general sensory (pain, touch, pressure)
impulses from pharynx, posterior tongue, from chemoreceptors carotid body
glossopharyngeal
how do you test the glossopharyngeal
check ulva position, gag/swallow reflex, speak and cough
what happens when the glossopharyngel is damaged
impaired swallowing and taste, decreased salivation
impulses from baroreceptors carotid sinus. motor to pharyngeal muscle
glossopharyngeal
longest cranial nerve
vagus
what nerve goes into thoracic and abdominal cavities
vagus
sensory from thoracic and abdominal viscera, aoritic arch baroreceptors, carotid and aoritic bodies chemoreceptors. taste buds
vagus
motor to skeletal muscles of pharynx and larynx
vagus
parasympathetic motor fibers to heart, lungs, abdominal viscera for HR, RR, digestive activity
vagus
what do you use to test the vagus nerve
CNIX
damage to vagus nerve results in
vagal nerve paralysis
difficulty swallowing
hoarseness
ulva deviates from side of dysfunction
impaired digestive motility
cranial rootlets from CNX, not brain/ passes through the skull
accessory
motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius move head and neck
accessory
test strength by elevating shoulders, rotation of neck
accessory
damage to accessory nerve results in
difficulty shrugging shoulders, rotation of neck against resistance. head turns towards side of injured nerve
motor to tongue and throat muscles
hypoglossal
swallow and speech
hypoglossal
positions food between teeth to chew, then moves through tongue out of the way
hypoglossal
how do you test the hypoglossal nerve
protusion and retraction of tongue, should be midline
damge to hypoglossal means
tongue deviates toward side of damaged nerve, both= cannot protrude
