Chapter 4 Quarterly notes

Question 1

Heisenbergs proposal answers question of where electrons are

Answer 1

Located if they are both par files and wave s

Question 2

(Heisenberg) electrons are detected by their

Answer 2

Interaction with photons

Question 3

(Heisenberg) because photons have about the same energy as electrons any attempt to locate a specific electron with a

Answer 3

Photon knocks the electron off its course

Question 4

Erwin schrodingers used the hypothesis that electrons have a dual wave particle nature and

Answer 4

Developed an equation that treated electrons in atoms as waves

Question 5

Quantization of electron energies was a

Answer 5

Natural outcome of schrodingers equation

Question 6

Only waves of specific energies, and thus frequencies provide

Answer 6

Solutions to the equation

Question 7

Quantum theory describes mathematically the

Answer 7

Wave properties of electrons and other very small particles

Question 8

Electrons do not travel around the nucleus in

Answer 8

Neat orbits

Question 9

Electrons exist in certain regions called

Answer 9

Orbitals

Question 10

An orbital is a three dimensional

Answer 10

Region around the nucleus that indicated the probable location of an electron

Question 11

Electrons in atoms orbitals also have

Answer 11

Quantized energies

Question 12

An electrons energy level is not the only characteristic of an orbital that is indicated by

Answer 12

Solving the schrodinger equation.

Question 13

Quantum numbers specify the properties of

Answer 13

Atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals

Question 14

Principal quantum number symbolized by

Answer 14

N

Question 15

Principal quantum number indicates the

Answer 15

Main energy level occupied by the electron

Question 16

Total number of orbitals in a given shel is equal to

Answer 16

n^2

Question 17

Angular momentum quantum number symbolized by

Answer 17

L

Question 18

Angular momentum quantum number indicates the

Answer 18

Shape of the orbital

Question 19

For specific main energy level number of orbital shapes possible is equal to

Answer 19

N

Question 20

Values of n are

Answer 20

Positive integers only

Question 21

Values of l are zero and all

Answer 21

Positive integers less than or equal to n - 1

Question 22

When l equals 0 the shape is

Answer 22

S

Question 23

L = 1 shape is

Answer 23

P

Question 24

L = 2 shape is

Answer 24

D

Question 25

L= 3 shape is

Answer 25

F

Question 26

Magnetic quantum number symbolized by

Answer 26

M

Question 27

Magnetic quantum number indicates the

Answer 27

Orientation of an orbital around the nucleus

Question 28

Values of m are

Answer 28

Whole numbers including zero from -L to +L

Question 29

Orientation of s corresponds to

Answer 29

M=0

Question 30

3 p orbitals relate to m values of

Answer 30

-1 0 and +1

Question 31

D orientations correspond to m values or

Answer 31

-2 -1 0 +1 +2

Question 32

Number of electrons per main energy level

Answer 32

2n^2

Question 33

Spin quantum number has only

Answer 33

Two possible values -1/2 or +1/2

Which indicate the two fundamental soon states of an electron in an orbital

Question 34

Electron configuration is the

Answer 34

Arrangement of electrons in an atom

Question 35

Ground state configuration. Is the lowest

Answer 35

Energy arrangement of the electrons for each element

Question 36

Aufbau principle l, an electron occupies

Answer 36

The lowest energy orbital that can receive it

Question 37

Pauli exclusion principle, no two electrons in the same atom can

Answer 37

Have the same set of four quantum numbers

Question 38

Hund’s rule, orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by

Answer 38

One electron before any orbital is occupied by s second electron and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state

Question 39

Noble gases

Answer 39

The group 18 elements (helium neon argon krypton xenon and radon)

Question 40

Noble gas notation

Answer 40

To simply writing an electron configuration symbol for the previous noble gas is enclosed in square brackets is used to represent part of the configuration

Question 41

Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that it is

Answer 41

Impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle