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Chem > Ch 5 Section 2 > Flashcards

Ch 5 Section 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Stability o noble gases results from

A

The gases special electron configurations

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2
Q

Generally the electron configurations of an atoms highest occupied energy level governs

A

The atoms chemical properties

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3
Q

Elements are arranged vertically in periodic table in groups that share

A

Similar chemical properties

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4
Q

Periods

A

Horizontal rows

7 in the modern periodic table

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5
Q

Length of each period is determined by the number of

A

Electrons that can occupy the sublevels being filled in that period

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6
Q

The 1s sublevel is being filled in the

A

First period

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7
Q

1s sublevel can hold a total of

A

2 electrons, and thus, it consists of two elements

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8
Q

In the second period the following sublevels are being filled

A

2s

2p

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9
Q

2s sublevel can hold

A

2 electrons

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10
Q

2p sublevel can hold

A

6 electrons

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11
Q

Second period totals

A

8 elements

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12
Q

Filling of the 3s and 3p sublevels accounts for

A

The eight elements of the third period

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13
Q

Filling 3d and 4d sublevels in addition to s and p sublevels adds

A

10 elements to both the fourth and fifth periods

Thus each of these periods totals 18 electrons

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14
Q

Filling 4f sublevels in addition to s p and d sublevels adds

A

14 elements to 6th period which totals 32 elements

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15
Q

As new elements are created the 25 named elements in period 7 could be

A

Extended to 32

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16
Q

Period of an element can be determined from the

A

Elements electron configuration

Coefficient in highest energy level= period

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17
Q

Periodic table is divided into

A 
4 blocks
S
P
D
F
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18
Q

Elements of the s block are chemically

A

Reactive metals

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19
Q

Group 1 metals are more reactive than

A

Those of group 2

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20
Q

The ease with which the single electron is lost helps to make the group 1 metals

A

Extremely reactive

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21
Q

The elements of group 1 of the periodic table

A

(Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium) known as the alkali metals

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22
Q

In pure state all alkali metals have a

A

Silvery appearance and are soft enough to cut with a knife

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23
Q

Alkali metals are not found in

A

Nature as free elements

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24
Q

Alkali metals combine

A

Vigorously with most nobmetals and react strongly with water to produce hydrogen gas and aqueous solutions of substances known as alkalis

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25
Q

Alkali metals are usually stored in

A

Kerosene

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26
Q

Preceding down the volume the elements of group 1 melt at

A

Successively lower temperatures

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27
Q

The elements of group 2 of the periodic table

A

(Beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium) are called the alkaline earth metals

28
Q

Atoms of alkaline-earth metals contain a

A

Pair of electrons in their outermost s sublevel

29
Q

Group configuration for group 2 is

A

ns^2

30
Q

Group configuration of group 1 is

A

ns^1

31
Q

Group 2 metals are (comparison with alkali metals)

A

Harder
Denser
Stronger
Higher melting pts than alkali metals

32
Q

Alkaline earth metals are also too

A

Reactive to be found in nature as free elements

33
Q

Hydrogen does not share the

A

Same properties as elements of group 1

Unique element

34
Q

Helium has ns^2 configuration like group 2 but is part of

A

Group 18

35
Q

Because its highest occupied energy level is filled by two electrons helium possessed

A

Special chemical stability exhibiting the unreactive nature of a group 18 element

36
Q

Group 2 metals have no

A

Special stability

Highest occupied energy levels aren’t filled because each metal has an empty p sublevel

37
Q

For energy level n there are

A

N possible sublevels

38
Q

In addition to the two ns electrons of group 2 Atoms of the group 3 elements each have

A

One electron in the d sublevel of the (n-1) sublevel

39
Q

Group configuration for group 3 is

A

(n-1)d^1ns^2

40
Q

Atoms of the group 12 elements have

A

10 electrons in the d sublevel plus two electrons in the ns sublevel

41
Q

Group configuration for group 12 is

A

(n-1)d^10ns^2

42
Q

The d block elements are metals with

A

Typical metallic properties and are often referred to as transition elements

43
Q

D block elements are

A

Good conductors of electricity and have a high luster

Typically Less reactive than alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

44
Q

Some d block elements are so unreactive that they do not

A

Easily form compounds, existing in nature as free elements

45
Q

Atoms of all p block elements contain

A

2 electrons in the ns sublevel

46
Q

The p block elements together with the s block elements are called the

A

Main group elements

47
Q

For group 13 elements added electron enters the

A

Np sublevel giving group configuration of ns^2np^1

48
Q

Atoms of group 14 elements contain 2 electrons in p sublevel giving

A

ns^2np^2 for group configuration

49
Q

Group configuration for 13-18

A

ns^2np^1-6

50
Q

For atoms of p block elements the total number of electrons in the highest occupied level is equal to

A

The group number minus 10

51
Q

At right hand end p block includes all of the

A

Nobmetals except hydrogen and helium

52
Q

All six of the metallloids are also in the

A

P block

53
Q

At the left hand side and bottom of the p block there are

A

Eight p block metals

54
Q

The elements of group 17

A

(Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine)

Are known as halogens

55
Q

Halogens are the most reactive

A

Nonmetals

56
Q

The reactivity of halogens is based on the presence of

A

7 electrons in their outer energy levels- one electron short of the stable noble gas configuration

57
Q

Fluorine and chlorine are

A

Gases at room temp

58
Q

Bromine is a

A

Reddish liquid

59
Q

Iodine is a

A

Dark purple solid

60
Q

Astatine is a synt

A

Synthetic element prepared in only very small quantities

61
Q

Metallloids are located between

A

Nonmetals and metals in p block

62
Q

Metals of the o block are generally

A

Harder and denser than the s block alkaline earth metals but softer and less dense than the d block metals

63
Q

With exception of bismuth the metals of p block are sufficiently

A

Reactive to be found in nature only in form of compounds

64
Q

The position of f block elements reflects the fact that

A

They involve the filling of the 4f sublevel

65
Q

Lanthanides are shiny

A

Metals similar in reactivity to alkaline earth metals

66
Q

Actinides are all

A

Radioactive

First four found naturally and remaining are lab made

67
Q

Group 18 elements of the periodic table undergo

A

Few chemical reactions

Chem (54 decks)

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