Ch 2 Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The scientific method is a

A

Logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data

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2
Q

Observing is the use of the

A

Senses to obtain information

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3
Q

Observation often involves

A

Making measurements and collecting data

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4
Q

Data may be

A

Qualitative or quantitative in nature

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5
Q

Qualitative

A

Descriptive

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6
Q

Quantitative

A

Numeric

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7
Q

Experimenting involves carrying out a

A

Procedure under controlled conditions to make observations and collect data

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8
Q

To learn more about matter chemists study

A

Systems

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9
Q

A system is a

A

Specific portion of matter in a given region of space that had been selected for study during an experiment or observation

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10
Q

When you observe a region in a test tube the

A

Test tube and its contents form a system

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11
Q

When analyzing data scientists attempt to find

A

Relationships and patterns

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12
Q

Generalizations are

A

Statements that apply to a range of information

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13
Q

To make generalizations

A

Data are organized in tables and analyzed using statistics/ mathematical techniques, often with the aid of graphs and a computer

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14
Q

Generalizations are used to

A

Develop hypotheses

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15
Q

A hypothesis is a

A

Testable statement that serves as a basis for making predictions and carrying out further experiments

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16
Q

“Then” part of hypothesis =

A

Prediction that is basis for testing

17
Q

experimental conditions that remain constant are

18
Q

Any condition that changes is a

19
Q

Any change observed is typically because of the

A

Effects of the variable

20
Q

If testing reveals that predictions are wrong

A

Hypothesis must be discarded or modified

21
Q

Scientific method is not a

A

Single fixed process

22
Q

Observing involves

A

Collecting data
Measuring
Experimenting
Communicating

23
Q

Formulating hypotheses

A
Organizing and analyzing data
Classifying 
Inferring 
Predicting 
Communicating
24
Q

Testing

A
Predicting 
Experimentation
Communicating 
Collecting data
Measuring
25
Theorizing
Constructing models Predicting Communicating
26
Publish results
Communicating
27
When data supports hypothesis
Scientists try to explain the phenomena by constructing a model
28
Model
More than physical object | Explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related
29
Models may be
Visual Verbal Mathematical
30
If a model successfully explains many phenomena it may
Become part of a theory
31
A theory is a
Broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena
32
Theories are successful if they can
Predict the results of many new experiments
33
The process researchers use to carry out their investigations is called the
Scientific method