Ch 7 Section 1

Question 1

common names usually give no information about

Answer 1

chemical composition

Question 2

to describe atomic makeup of compounds chemists use

Answer 2

systematic methods for naming compounds and for writing chemical formulas

Question 3

for a molecular compound, the chemical formula reveals the number of atoms of each element contained in a

Answer 3

single molecule of the compound

Question 4

an ionic compound consists of a lattice of

Answer 4

positive and negative ions held together by mutual attraction

Question 5

the chemical formula for an ionic compound represents one formula unit–the

Answer 5

simplest ratio of the compound’s positive ions and its negative ions

Question 6

parentheses surround the polyatomic anion to

Answer 6

identify it as a unit

Question 7

when there is no subscript written next to an atom’s symbol, the value of the subscript is

Answer 7

understood to be 1

Question 8

monatomic ions are ions formed from a

Answer 8

single atom

Question 9

not all main-group elements readily

Answer 9

form ions

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Question 10

atoms of carbon and silicon form

Answer 10

covalent bonds in which they share electrons with other atoms
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Question 11

other elements tend to form ions that do not have

Answer 11

noble-gas configurations.

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Question 12

elements from the d-block form

Answer 12

2+, 3+, 1+, or 4+ cations

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Question 13

Many d-block elements form two

Answer 13

ions of different charges

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Question 14

monatomic cations are identified simply by

Answer 14

the elements name

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Question 15

in naming monatomic anions the ending of the element’s name is

Answer 15

dropped and replaced with -ide

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Question 16

numerals used in the naming of ions are part of the

Answer 16

stock system of naming chemical ions and elements

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Question 17

binary compounds are compounds composed of

Answer 17

two elements

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Question 18

in a binary ionic compound the total numbers of positive charges and

Answer 18

negative charges must be equal

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Question 19

the formula for a binary compound can be written given the

Answer 19

identities of the compound’s ions

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Question 20

in binary ionic compounds the charges of the compounds are not

Answer 20

included in the formula

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Question 21

crossing over is a method of balancing the

Answer 21

charges between ions in an ionic compound

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Question 22

Step 1 for cross over method

Answer 22

write the symbols for ions side by side, with cation first

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Question 23

step 2 for cross over: cross over the

Answer 23

charges by using the absolute value of each ion’s charge as the subscript for the other ion
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Question 24

step 3 for cross over: check the subscripts and divide them by their

Answer 24

largest common factor to give the smallest possible whole-number ratio of ions. then write the formula
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Question 25

nomenclature

Answer 25

naming system |  

Question 26

the nomenclature of binary ionic compounds involves combining the names of the

Answer 26

compound's positive and negative ions |  

Question 27

for most simple ionic compounds, the ratio of the ions is not indicated in the compound's name because it is

Answer 27

understood based on the relative charges of the compound's ions  

Question 28

some elements form two or more

Answer 28

cations with different charges

Question 29

to distinguish ions formed by elements that form 2 or more cations with different charges, scientists use the

Answer 29

stock system of nomenclature |  

Question 30

stock system uses a roman

Answer 30

numeral to indicate an ions charge |  

Question 31

numeral is enclosed in parentheses and is

Answer 31

placed immediately after the metal name |  

Question 32

names of metals that commonly form only one cation do not

Answer 32

include a Roman numeral |  

Question 33

there is no element that commonly forms more than

Answer 33

one monatomic anion

Question 34

oxyanions are polyatomic ions that

Answer 34

contain oxygen |  

Question 35

the name given a compound containing an oxyanion depends on the

Answer 35

number of oxygen atoms in the oxyanion |  

Question 36

(oxyanions) the name of the ion with the greater number of oxygen atoms ends in

Answer 36

-ate |  

Question 37

(oxyanions) the name of ion with smaller number of oxygen atoms ends in

Answer 37

-ite

Question 38

sometimes an element can form more than two types of

Answer 38

oxyanions |  

Question 39

an anion that has one fewer oxygen atom than the -ite atom has is given the prefix

Answer 39

hypo-

Question 40

an anion that has one more oxygen atom that the -ate anion has is given the prefix

Answer 40

per-

Question 41

compounds containing polyatomic ions are named in the same manner as

Answer 41

binary ionic compounds |  

Question 42

unlike ionic compounds molecular compounds are composed of individual

Answer 42

covalently bonded units (molecules) |  

Question 43

chemists use two nomenclature systems to name

Answer 43

binary molecules |  

Question 44

he newer system is the stock system for naming molecular compounds, which requires

Answer 44

an understanding of oxidation numbers |  

Question 45

the old system of naming molecular compounds is based on the use of

Answer 45

prefixes

Question 46

mono-

Answer 46

1

Question 47

di

Answer 47

2

Question 48

tri

Answer 48

3

Question 49

tetra

Answer 49

4

Question 50

penta

Answer 50

5

Question 51

hexa

Answer 51

6

Question 52

hepta

Answer 52

7

Question 53

octa

Answer 53

8

Question 54

nona

Answer 54

9

Question 55

deca

Answer 55

10

Question 56

(rules for prefix system) element that has the smaller group number is usually

Answer 56

given first

Question 57

(rules for prefix system) if both elements are in the same group, the element whose period number is greater is

Answer 57

given first

Question 58

(rules for prefix system) the element is given a prefix only if it

Answer 58

contributes more than one atom to a molecule of the compoudn |  

Question 59

(rules for prefix system) the second element is named by combing (a) a prefix indicating the

Answer 59

number of atoms contributed the element, the root of element's name, and ending-ide  

Question 60

(rules for prefix system) with few exceptions, the ending ide indicates that a compound contains only

Answer 60

2 elements

Question 61

(rules for prefix system) the o or a at the end of a prefix is usually dropped when the word following begins with

Answer 61

another vowel

Question 62

in covalent network compounds there are no distinct

Answer 62

units

Question 63

the subscripts in a formula for covalent-network compound indicate the

Answer 63

smallest whole-number ratio of the atoms in the compound |  

Question 64

an acid is a distinct type of

Answer 64

molecular compound

Question 65

most acids used in the lab can be classified as either

Answer 65

binary acids or oxyacids |  

Question 66

binary acids are acids that consist of

Answer 66

two elements, usually hydrogen and one of the halogens |  

Question 67

oxyacids are acids that contain

Answer 67

hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually nonmetal) |  

Question 68

the term acid typically refers to a solution in water of one of these

Answer 68

special compounds rather than to the compound itself |  

Question 69

many polyatomic ions are produced by the loss of hydrogen

Answer 69

ions from oxyacids

Question 70

a salt is an ionic compound composed of a

Answer 70

cation and the anion from an acid |  

Question 71

some salts contain anions in which

Answer 71

one or more hydrogen atoms from the acid are retained |  

Question 72

such anions are named by adding the word

Answer 72

hydrogen or prefix bi- to anion name