Ch 12 Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Soluble: capable of

A

being dissolved

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2
Q

A solution is a homogenous mixture of

A

two or more substances in a single phase

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3
Q

in a solution, atoms, molecules, or ions are thoroughly mixed, resulting in a mixture that has

A

the same composition and properties throughout

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4
Q

in the simplest type of solution, the particles of one substance are randomly

A

mixed with the particles of another substance

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5
Q

the dissolving medium in a solution is the

A

solvent

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6
Q

the substance dissolved in a solution is the

A

solute

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7
Q

the solute is generally designated as that component of a solution that is of

A

lesser quantity

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8
Q

in a solution, the dissolved solute particles are so small that they

A

cannot be seen

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9
Q

the dissolved solute particles remain mixed with the solvent …., so long as the existing conditions remain..

A

indefinitely; unchanged

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10
Q

the solute particle dimensions are those of atoms, nmolecules and ions which range from about

A

0.01 to 1 nm in diameter

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11
Q

solutions may exist as

A

gases, liquids, or solids

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12
Q

many alloys are solid solutions in which the atoms of two or more

A

metals are uniformly mixed

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13
Q

by properly choosing the proportions of each metal in the alloy, many desirable properties can be

A

obtained

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14
Q

alloys can have higher … and greater resistance to … than the pure metals

A

strength; corrosion

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15
Q

if the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated, the mixture is a

A

suspension

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16
Q

gravity pulls the particles in a suspension to the

A

bottom of the container

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17
Q

partivles over 1000 nm in diameter—1000 times as large as atoms, molecules, or ions— form

A

suspensions

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18
Q

the particles in a suspension can be separated from heterogenous mixtures by

A

passing the mixture through a filter

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19
Q

particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures known as

A

colloidal dispersions (colloids)

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20
Q

particles between 1 nm and 1000 nm in diameter may form

A

colloids

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21
Q

the particles in a colloid are small enough to be suspended throughout the solvent by the constant movement of the

A

surrounding molecules

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22
Q

the colloidal particles make up the

A

dispersed phase

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23
Q

the water is the

A

dispersing medium

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24
Q

emulsion and foam refer to specific types of

25
many colloids appear homogenous because the individual particles cannot be
seen
26
the particles in colloids are large enough to
scatter light
27
tyndall effect occurs when light is scattereed by colloidal particles dispersed in a
transparent medium
28
the tyndal effect is a property that can be used to distinguish between a
solution and a colloid
29
the individual particles of a colloid can be detected under a microscope if a bright light is cast on the speciment at a
right angle
30
the particles in colloids are seen to move
rapidly in a random motion
31
this motion is due to collisions of rapidly moving molecules and is called
Brownian motion
32
substances that dissolve in water are classified according to whether they yield
molecules or ions in solution
33
when an ionic compound dissolves, the positive and negative ions separate from each other and are
surrounded by water molecules
34
these solute ions are free to move, making it possible for an electric current to
pass through the solution
35
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current is called an
electrolyte
36
a solution containing neutral solute molecules does not conduct electric current because it does not contain mobile
charged particles
37
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current isi called a
nonelectrolyte
38
the elctrodes are conductors that are attached to a power supply and that make electric
contact with the test solution
39
for a current to pass through the light bulb filament the test solution must provide a conducting path between the two
electrodes
40
a nonconducting solutionis like an open switch between the electrodes and there is no
current in the circuit
41
the light bulb glows brightly if a solution that is a good conductor is
tested
42
for a moderately conductive solution the light bulb is
dim
43
gas-gas solution example
oxygen in nitrogen
44
gas-liquid solution example
carbon dioxide in water
45
liquid-liquid solution example
alcohol in water
46
liquid-solid solution example
mercury in silver and tin (dental amalgam)
47
solid-liquid solution example
sugar in water
48
solid-solid solution example
copper in nickel (Monel alloy)
49
sol colloid- solid dispersed in liquid example
paints, mud
50
gel colloid- solid network extending throughout a liquid example
gelatin
51
liquid emulsion colloid- liquid dispersed in liquid example
milk, mayonnaise
52
foam colloid- gas dispersed in liquid example
shaving cream, whipped cream
53
solid aerosol collid-solid dispersed in gas example
smoke, airborne particulate matter, auto exhaust
54
liquid aerosol colloid-liquid dispersed in gas example
fog, mist, clouds, aerosol spray
55
solid emulsion colloid- liquid dispersed in solid example
cheese, butter
56
salt solution--
electrolyte solute
57
sugar solution--
nonelectrolyte solute
58
hydrochloric acid solution--
electrolyte solute