Chapter 4 Key Terms Flashcards
What substance did Descartes believe was located in the cavities of the brain?
Animal spirits
Deism
Dualist
Geocentric theory
Animal spirits
What is deduction?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts
The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts
What is deism?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
What is a dualist?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
What is the geocentric theory?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
What is the heliocentric theory?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the planets, including the earth, rotate around the sun
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The theory that the planets, including the earth, rotate around the sun
What is humanism?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
A viewpoint emphasizing individualism, a personal relationship with God, interest in classical wisdom, and a negative attitude toward Aristotle’s philosophy
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
A viewpoint that existed during the Renaissance, emphasizing individualism, a personal relationship with God, interest in classical wisdom, and a negative attitude toward Aristotle’s philosophy
What are the idols of the cave?
Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences
Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things
The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority
Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively
Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences
What are the idols of the marketplace?
Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences
Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things
The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority
Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively
Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things
What are the idols of the theatre?
Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences
Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things
The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority
Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively
The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority
What are the idols of the tribe?
Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences
Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things
The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority
Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively
Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively
What is induction?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
What are innate ideas?
Ideas, like perfection and the axioms of geometry, that Descartes believed could not be derived from one’s own experience
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
Ideas, like perfection and the axioms of geometry, that Descartes believed could not be derived from one’s own experience
What is interactionism?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The version of dualism that accepts the separate existence of a mind and a body and claims that they interact
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The version of dualism that accepts the separate existence of a mind and a body and claims that they interact
What is intuition?
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The introspective process by which clear and distinct ideas are discovered
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
The introspective process by which clear and distinct ideas are discovered
What is a phenomenologist?
A person who studies the philosophy of phenomenology
The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general
The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body
A person who studies the philosophy of phenomenology
Who founded the study of structures of consciousness and experience from the first-person point of view?
Edmund Husserl
Peter Wegner
Peter Denning
Amnon H. Eden
Edmund Husserl
What is the main goal of phenomenology?
To understand and describe the essence of human experiences and consciousness
To study the structures of computer science
To analyze physical objects and their attributes
To reform the Christian church
To understand and describe the essence of human experiences and consciousness
What is the emphasis of phenomenology when examining phenomena?
To examine phenomena without presuppositions or preconceived theories
To focus on metaphysical speculation
To study the primary qualities of physical objects
To deny the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
To examine phenomena without presuppositions or preconceived theories
What is the belief of positivism?
Only objects or events that can be experienced directly should be the object of scientific inquiry
Metaphysical speculation is necessary for scientific inquiry
Primary qualities are the only attributes of physical objects
The authority of the pope and of Aristotle should be denied
Only objects or events that can be experienced directly should be the object of scientific inquiry
What are primary qualities?
Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest
Attributes of physical objects that exist only in the mind of the perceiver
Attributes of physical objects that can be experienced directly
Attributes of physical objects that are studied in phenomenology
Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest
What is Protestantism?
A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center
The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character
The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry
A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
What is the Ptolemaic system?
A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center
A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character
The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry
A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center
What was the result of the Reformation?
The division of western European Christianity into Protestantism and Roman Catholicism
The rebirth of open, objective inquiry
The denial of the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character
The division of western European Christianity into Protestantism and Roman Catholicism
What was the Renaissance?
The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry
A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle
The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character
A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center
The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry
What are secondary qualities?
Those apparent attributes of physical objects that in fact exist only in the mind of the perceiver
Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest
Attributes of physical objects that can be experienced directly
Attributes of physical objects that are studied in phenomenology
Those apparent attributes of physical objects that in fact exist only in the mind of the perceiver
