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Psyc 375: History of Psychology > Chapter 4 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

What substance did Descartes believe was located in the cavities of the brain?

Animal spirits

Deism

Dualist

Geocentric theory

A

Animal spirits

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2
Q

What is deduction?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts

A

The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts

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3
Q

What is deism?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

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4
Q

What is a dualist?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

A

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

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5
Q

What is the geocentric theory?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

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6
Q

What is the heliocentric theory?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the planets, including the earth, rotate around the sun

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

The theory that the planets, including the earth, rotate around the sun

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7
Q

What is humanism?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

A viewpoint emphasizing individualism, a personal relationship with God, interest in classical wisdom, and a negative attitude toward Aristotle’s philosophy

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

A viewpoint that existed during the Renaissance, emphasizing individualism, a personal relationship with God, interest in classical wisdom, and a negative attitude toward Aristotle’s philosophy

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8
Q

What are the idols of the cave?

Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences

Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things

The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority

Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively

A

Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences

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9
Q

What are the idols of the marketplace?

Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences

Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things

The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority

Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively

A

Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things

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10
Q

What are the idols of the theatre?

Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences

Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things

The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority

Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively

A

The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority

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11
Q

What are the idols of the tribe?

Personal biases that result from one’s personal characteristics or experiences

Error that results when one accepts the traditional meanings of the words used to describe things

The inhibition of objective inquiry that results when one accepts dogma, tradition, or authority

Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively

A

Biases that result from humans’ natural tendency to view the world selectively

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12
Q

What is induction?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

The method of reasoning by which conclusions must follow from certain assumptions, principles, or concepts

A

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

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13
Q

What are innate ideas?

Ideas, like perfection and the axioms of geometry, that Descartes believed could not be derived from one’s own experience

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The theory that the sun and planets rotate around the earth

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

Ideas, like perfection and the axioms of geometry, that Descartes believed could not be derived from one’s own experience

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14
Q

What is interactionism?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The version of dualism that accepts the separate existence of a mind and a body and claims that they interact

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

The version of dualism that accepts the separate existence of a mind and a body and claims that they interact

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15
Q

What is intuition?

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The introspective process by which clear and distinct ideas are discovered

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

The introspective process by which clear and distinct ideas are discovered

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16
Q

What is a phenomenologist?

A person who studies the philosophy of phenomenology

The belief that God’s creation of the universe exhausted his involvement with it

The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to the general

The belief that a person consists of two separate entities: a mind and a body

A

A person who studies the philosophy of phenomenology

17
Q

Who founded the study of structures of consciousness and experience from the first-person point of view?

Edmund Husserl

Peter Wegner

Peter Denning

Amnon H. Eden

A

Edmund Husserl

18
Q

What is the main goal of phenomenology?

To understand and describe the essence of human experiences and consciousness

To study the structures of computer science

To analyze physical objects and their attributes

To reform the Christian church

A

To understand and describe the essence of human experiences and consciousness

19
Q

What is the emphasis of phenomenology when examining phenomena?

To examine phenomena without presuppositions or preconceived theories

To focus on metaphysical speculation

To study the primary qualities of physical objects

To deny the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

A

To examine phenomena without presuppositions or preconceived theories

20
Q

What is the belief of positivism?

Only objects or events that can be experienced directly should be the object of scientific inquiry

Metaphysical speculation is necessary for scientific inquiry

Primary qualities are the only attributes of physical objects

The authority of the pope and of Aristotle should be denied

A

Only objects or events that can be experienced directly should be the object of scientific inquiry

21
Q

What are primary qualities?

Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest

Attributes of physical objects that exist only in the mind of the perceiver

Attributes of physical objects that can be experienced directly

Attributes of physical objects that are studied in phenomenology

A

Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest

22
Q

What is Protestantism?

A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center

The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character

The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry

A

A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

23
Q

What is the Ptolemaic system?

A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center

A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character

The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry

A

A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center

24
Q

What was the result of the Reformation?

The division of western European Christianity into Protestantism and Roman Catholicism

The rebirth of open, objective inquiry

The denial of the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character

A

The division of western European Christianity into Protestantism and Roman Catholicism

25
Q

What was the Renaissance?

The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry

A religious movement that denied the authority of the pope and of Aristotle

The attempt to reform the Christian church by making it more Augustinian in character

A conception of the solar system with the earth as its center

A

The period from about 1450 to about 1600 when there was a rebirth of open, objective inquiry

26
Q

What are secondary qualities?

Those apparent attributes of physical objects that in fact exist only in the mind of the perceiver

Attributes of physical objects such as size, shape, number, position, and movement or rest

Attributes of physical objects that can be experienced directly

Attributes of physical objects that are studied in phenomenology

A

Those apparent attributes of physical objects that in fact exist only in the mind of the perceiver

Psyc 375: History of Psychology (57 decks)

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