Chapter 28 Note Cards Flashcards
Jonas Salk
Who - Jonas Salk
What - American scientist who developed an effective vaccine against polio which was provided free to the public by the federal gov’t
When - 1954
Where - US
Why - Polio killed & crippled thousands of children and adults
Sputnik
Who - Soviet Union
What - Earth-orbiting satellite; resulted in the US bouncing back & encouraging scientific education, research, & efforts to reach outer space
When - 1957
Where - Soviet Union
Why - Space exploration
Levittown
Who - William Levitt
What - New mass-production techniques allowed the building of several thousand Cape Cod-style houses (very copy-paste)
When - 1950s, 1960s
Where - Long Island (NY), NJ, & PA each had one; suburbs
Why - Mass-production techniques; reasonable prices (w/ help of subsidies) helped quench the demand for housing
Allen Ginsberg
Who - Allen Ginsberg
What - “Beat” who wrote the bitter poem “Howl”
When - 1955
Where - US
Why - Disliked the sterility & conformity of American life
Beats
Who - ex. Allen Ginsberg, Jack Keorouac
What - AKA “beatniks”; young poets who wrote harsh critiques of the middle class & bureaucracy
When - 1950s
Where - US
Why - Disliked the sterility & conformity of American life
J.D. Salinger
Who - J.D. Salinger
What - Author who wrote The Catcher in the Rye which was about a prep school student who couldn’t find anywhere in society where he belonged
When - 1951
Where - US
Why - To express his misgivings about the impersonality of society
Jack Keorouac
Who - Jack Keorouac
What - “Beat” who wrote a book about his life on the road with his friends
When - 1957
Where - US
Why - Disliked the sterility & conformity of American life
Elvis Presley
Who - Elvis Presley
What - Most famous rock artist in the 1900s
When - mid-1950s to 1977
Where - Born Mississippi
Why - Popular b/c he was youthful & pushed the boundaries of what was socially acceptable
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Who - Supreme Court; NAACP lawyers
What - SC ruled against the Plessy v. Ferguson decision; ended “separate but equal” doctrine
When - May 17, 1954
Where - Kansas public school system
Why - Concluded that “separate but equal” has no place in the education system and that it is inherently unequal
Jackie Robinson
Who - Jackie Robinson
What - First black person in the MLB (Brooklyn Dodgers)
When - 1947
Where - Brooklyn
Why - Set the precedent: by mid-1950s, black ppl were in almost all pro sports
Martin Luther King Jr.
Who - Martin Luther King Jr.
What - Civil rights activist & Baptist pastor; preached nonviolence
When - Mid 1950s
Where - From Atlanta
Why - Rose to fame as head of Montgomery Bus boycott; inspired by Ghandi, Henry David Thoreau
Rosa Parks
Who - Rosa Parks
What - Black woman who refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger & was arrested; led a to a successful boycott (Montgomery Bus Boycott) and public transportation segregation became illegal
When - December 1, 1955
Where - Montgomery, AL
Why - Later, she said her feet were just tired, but the resistance was just what local civil rights leaders needed to boycott
John Foster Dulles
Who - John Foster Dulles
What - Sec of State who was VERY against communism & led the country’s foreign policy for the 1950s; famous for his “massive retaliation” policy which would respond to communist threats with nuclear weapons
When - 1950s
Where - US
Why - HATED communism
Massive Retaliation
Who - John Foster Dulles
What - Policy under which any communism threats to allies would result in the US using nuclear weapons
When - 1950s
Where - US
Why - Mass retaliation would favor economy “more bang for buck”
Brinkmanship
Who - John Foster Dulles
What - Idea where the Soviet Union would be pushed to the brink of war to gain concessions
When - 1950s
Where - US
Why - To gain concessions
Dien Bien Phu
Who - US, France, Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh)
What - French troops were surrounded & US intervention would save them; however, Eisenhower refused to permit US intervention in Vietnam
When - 1950s
Where - North Vietnam
Why - Eisenhower thought Congress & allies wouldn’t support them
Fidel Castro
Who - Fidel Castro
What - Took over Cuba with policies of land reform & taking foreign-owned businesses and resources; relations with America diminished; Castro made an alliance with the Soviet Union
When - January 1, 1959
Where - Cuba
Why - Overthrew Fulgencio Batista’s gov’t
