Chapter 25 Note Cards Flashcards
Dawes Plan
Who - Charles D. Dawes
What - American banks would give hugs loans to Germans so that they could meet their reparations payments & so Britain and France would reduce the payments; won a Nobel Prize for it, but it didn’t do much in actuality
When - 1924
Where - US, Germany, Britain, France
Why - Financial structure in Europe was on the brink of collapse
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Who - Aristide Briand (French foreign minister), Frank Kellogg (Secretary of State)
What - Briand asked the US to join in the alliance against Germany, but Kellogg instead proposed treaty outlawing war as a form of national policy; many nations have since signed it
When - 1928
Where - World
Why - Ended the New Era effort to protect peace
Adolf Hitler
Who - Adolf Hitler
What - Leader of the Nazis; believed in racial superiority of the Germans; VERY anti-semitic
When - Gained power 1932
Where - Germany
Why - Racial superiority
Benito Mussolini
Who - Benito Mussolini
What - Fascist dictator of Italy; actively against imperial expansion
When - In control starting 1920s
Where - Italy
Why - Power
Good Neighbor Policy
Who - Hoover administration started, Roosevelt administration made the policy
What - Said that “no state has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another”; instead of military force, US used economic influence in Latin America
When - 1930s
Where - US / Latine America
Why - To enhance relationship with Latin America
Neutrality Acts
Who - Congress
What - 1936: reestablished provisions from 1935 act (arms embargo against both victim & aggresor in military conflict); 1937: belligerents could only purchase non military goods from the US with cash & had to carry them away on their own vessels
When - 1936 & 1937
Where - US
Why - Prevent a recurrence of what drew the US into WWI
Appeasement
Who - Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
What - Policy where France & Britain agreed to let Hitler have Czechoslovakia as long as he didn’t expand any further; failed
When - 1938
Where - Europe
Why - To appease Hitler; trying to be a compromise
Atlantic Charter
Who - Roosevelt, Churchill
What - Document in which Britain & American agreed to base a “better future for the world” & to get rid of the “Nazi tyranny”
When - April 1941
Where - The two met on a British vessel off the coast of Newfoundland
Why - Figure out strategy for if the US entered WWII
Henry Stimson
Who - Henry Stimson
What - Secretary of War during Roosevelt’s presidency (Sec of State for Hoover)
When - Became Sec of War 1940
Where - US
Why - N/A
Lend-Lease
Who - Roosevelt to Churchill
What - Eliminated all assignment of monetary value to arms transactions; gov’t could sell or lend / lease to any nations that was “vital to the defense of the United States”; basically US could give stuff to Britain just for a promise to be paid back in return
When - December 1940
Where - US / England
Why - England was bankrupt & needed supplies
Hideki Tojo
Who - Hideki Tojo
What - General who was leader of the war party & became Prime Minister of Japan during WWII; responsible for Pearl Harbor
When - WWII
Where - Japan
Why - Previous Prime Minister was kicked out of office by militants
Pearl Harbor
Who - Tojo was responsible; Japanese attack on US
What - Two waves (an hour apart) of Japanese bombers attacked Pearl Harbor naval base; 2000 people died & lots of supplies were destroyed; HI was not prepared for the attack
When - December 7, 1941
Where - Pearl Harbor, HI
Why - Japan came up with a plan to allow the US and it to coexist peacefully that favored itself; US said no; Japan knew it would be detrimental to attack Pearl Harbor
