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MRI Med Term > Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness

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2
Q

pyschotherapy

A

treats mental disorder

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3
Q

psychopharmacology

A

drug therapy

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4
Q

child psychiatrists

A

treatment of children

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5
Q

forensic pyschiatrists

A

specialize in legal aspects of psychiatry like determination of mental competence in criminal cases

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6
Q

psychoanalysis

A

patient freely relates her/his thoughts and associations to the analyst, who doesn’t interfere with the process

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7
Q

pyschologist

A

non medical professional who is trained in methods of psychological testing, pyschotherapy, and research

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8
Q

clinical pyschology

A

patient oriented

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9
Q

experimental research

A
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10
Q

social psychology

A

focusing on social interaction and the ways the actions of other influence behavior of an individual

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11
Q

Rorschach technique

A

inkblot test

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12
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

pictured are used as stimuli for making up stories

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13
Q

draw a person test

A

patient is asked to copy a body

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14
Q

Bender-Gestalt test

A

patient is asked to draw certain shapes

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15
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A

true/false questions reveal aspects of personality (sense of duty, ability to relate, and dominance)

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16
Q

id

A

unconscious instincts and psychic energy present at birth

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17
Q

ego

A

central coordinating branch of the personality

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18
Q

superego

A

internalized conscience and moral part of the personality

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19
Q

defense mechanisms

A

techniques used to ward off the anxiety produced by these conflicts

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20
Q

psychosis

A

abnormal conditions that affect the mind especially loss of contact with reality

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21
Q

psychotic disorder

A

significant impairment of reality testing

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22
Q

delusions

A

false beliefs

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23
Q

hallucinations

A

false sensory perceptions

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24
Q

anxiety

A

the experience of unpleasant tension, distress, troubled feelings, and avoidance behavior

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25
Q

panic attack

A

abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches peak within minutes

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26
Q

panic disorder

A

recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about having another panic attack between episodes

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27
Q

phobic disorders

A

irrational or debilitating fears associated with a specific object or situation

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28
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of being in open, crowded, public places from which escape would be difficult or where help might not be available or going out alone in unsafe places

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29
Q

social phobia (social anxiety disorder)

A

fear of situations in which the affected person is open to scrutiny which could result in possible embarrassment or humiliation

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30
Q

claustrophobia

A

fear of closed place

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31
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of heights

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32
Q

zoophobia

A

fear of animals

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33
Q

obssessive compulsive disorder ( OCD)

A

involves recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts that dominate the patient’s life

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34
Q

post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

development of symptoms following exposure to a traumatic event

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35
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

chronic anxiety and exaggerated worry and tension even then there is little to nothing to provoke such feelings

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36
Q

bipolar disorder

A

one or more manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes

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37
Q

hypomania

A

mania with less intensity

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38
Q

bipolar disorder I

A

one or more manic episodes often alternating with major manic episodes

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39
Q

bipolar disorder II

A

recurrent major depressive episodes alternating with hypomanic epidsodes

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40
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

mild form of bipolar disorder by at least 2 years of numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms
- does not meet criteria for mania and depressive

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41
Q

depressive disorder

A

marked by occurrence of one or more depressive episodes without history of mania or hypomania

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42
Q

major depressive disorder

A

involves episodes of severe dysphoria

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43
Q

dysphoria

A

sadness, hopelessness, worry, discouragement

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44
Q

persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

A

depressed mood that persist over 2 year period
- not as severe as major depression

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45
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A

a regular appearance of depression may occur between the beginning of October and end of November

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46
Q

dissociative disorder

A

escape reality through amnesia, fugue, and alternate identities

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47
Q

identity disorder

A

2 or more distinct personality states

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48
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

inability to recall autobiographical info

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49
Q

depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

experience’s of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer with respect to one’s thoughts and surroundings

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50
Q

annorexia

A

refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight

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51
Q

bulimia

A

binge eating followed by purging

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52
Q

neurocognitive disorder

A

marked by disturbances in cognition

53
Q

delirium

A

acute episodes of confused thinking, disorientation, and behavioral changes

54
Q

delirium tremens

A

stopping alcohol consumption suddenly after prolonged periods of heavy usage

55
Q

dementia

A

progressive loss of intellectual abilities such as judgment, memory, and reasoning
- changes in personality too

56
Q

neurodevelopmental disorders

A

group of childhood disorders characterized by delays in socialization and communication

57
Q

intellectual disabilty disorders
mental retardation

A

deficits in intellectual functions and inability to adapt and interact in activities of daily life

58
Q

communication disorder

A

persistent difficulties in acquisition and use of language

59
Q

autism spectrum disorder

A

difficulties in verbal and nonverbal communication and social and play interactions
- seen usually by 3 yo

60
Q

high functioning ASD

A

normal language and intelligence but doesn’t know how to interact with others

61
Q

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD

A

persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity that interferes with functioning or development

62
Q

specific learning disorders

A

difficulties in learning and using academic skills

63
Q

motor disorders

A

children display a lack of coordination, movement, and tics

64
Q

personality disorder

A

enduring pattern of thinking and behavior contrary to what is culturally acceptable

65
Q

paranoid

A

pattern of distrust and suspiciousness

66
Q

schizoid

A

pattern of detachments from social relationships with restricted range of emotions

67
Q

schizotypal

A

pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships
accompanied by odd beliefs, magical thinking, clairvoyance, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations

68
Q

antisocial

A

pattern for disregard for and violation of the rights of others
- no loyalty or concern for others
- only on own desires and impulses

69
Q

borderline

A

pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships and sense of self

70
Q

histrionic

A

pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

71
Q

narcissistic

A

pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

72
Q

avoidance

A

pattern of social inhibition, feeling of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negatuce evaluation

73
Q

dependent

A

pattern of submissive and clingy behavior
- excessive need to be taken care of

74
Q

obsessive compulsive

A

pattern of orderliness, perfectionism, and control

75
Q

schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

A

marked by disturbed thinking and disorganized speech

76
Q

delusions

A

fixed beliefs that are not easy to change light of conflict evidence

77
Q

hallucinations

A

hearing voices or sounds that do not exits

78
Q

disorganized thinking (speech)

A

person may switch from one topic to another resulting in incoherent, incomprehensible speech

79
Q

abnormal motor behavior

A

involuntary movements and mannerism from childlike silliness to unpredictable agitations

80
Q

catatonic behavior

A

marked by decrease in reactivity to the environment

81
Q

sexual dystunctions

A

disturbances in person’s ability to response sexually or to experience please ]

82
Q

paraphilas

A

characterized by recurrent, intense, sexual urge, fantasies or behaviors that involve sexual objects, activities, or situations

83
Q

exhibitionism

A

compulsive need to expose one’s body (esp. genitals) to an unsuspecting stranger

84
Q

fetishism

A

use of nonliving objects as substitutes for human sexual love

85
Q

pedophilia

A

sexual urges and fantasies involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child

86
Q

sexual masochism

A

sexual gratification gained when humiliated, beaten, bound or made to suffer

87
Q

sexual sadism

A

sexual gratification gained from inflicting pain

88
Q

transvestic fetishism

A

cross-dressing

89
Q

voyeurism

A

sexual excitement when observing unsuspecting people who are naked, undressing or engaging in sexual activity

90
Q

somatic symptoms

A

mental conflicts are expressed as physical

91
Q

illness anxiety disorder

A

marked by preoccupation with having or acquiring a sever illness

92
Q

conversion disorder

A

specific neurologic sign or symptoms with no actual, organic basis

93
Q

repression

A

defense mechanism in which a person removes unacceptable ideas or impulses from consciousness)

94
Q

psychological dependence

A

compulsion to continue taking a drug despite adverse consequences

95
Q

physiologic dependence

A

onset of withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

96
Q

tolerance

A

declining effect of the drug so that dose must be increased

97
Q

amphetamines

A

CNS stimulants are taken orally or intravenously

98
Q

hallucinogens

A

produce a state of CNS excitement, hallucinations, delusions, hypertnesions, and mood changes

99
Q

opioids

A

pain killers, anesthetics or cough suppresants

100
Q

sedative
hypnotics
anxiolytics

A

soothing, relaxing, euphoric effect, and can produce sleep

101
Q

pyschotherapy

A

treatment of emotional problems and disorders using psychotherapeutic techniques

102
Q

cognitive behavioral therapy

A

short term, focuses psychotherapy for a wide range of psychological problems

103
Q

family therapy

A

treatment for the entire family

104
Q

group therapy

A

patients with similar problems gain insight into the own personalities through discussions and interaction with each other

105
Q

pyschodrama

A

patients express their feelings by acting out roles

106
Q

hypnosis

A

a trance is created to help in recovery of deeply repressed memories

107
Q

insight oriented pyschotherapy

A

face to face discussion of life problems and associated feelings

108
Q

play therapy

A

child uses toys to express conflicts and feels they are unable to communicate

109
Q

pyschoanalysis

A

long term, intense pyschotherapy seeks to influence behavior and resolve inner conflicts by bringing unconscious emotions to the surface

110
Q

free association

A

patient speaks their thoughts one after another without censorship

111
Q

transference

A

patient relates to the therapist as if they a prominent figure in early childhood

112
Q

sex therapy

A

therapy that can help overcome sexual dysfunctions

113
Q

frigidity

A

inhibited sexual response in women

114
Q

impotence

A

inability for a man to achieve and/or maintain an erection

115
Q

premature ejaculation

A

release of semen before coitus

116
Q

supportive pyschotherapy

A

offers encouragement, support, and hope for patients during difficult life transitions and events

117
Q

electroconvulsive therapy

A

electr current applied to the brain after patient is anesthetized

118
Q

antianxiety and antipanic agentes

A

lessens anxiety, tension, and agitation

119
Q

benzodiazephines

A

antianxiety angents, sedatives or anticonvulsants

120
Q

antidepressants

A

reverse depression and return patient to more even state
- SSRI & SNRI reuptake inhibitors

121
Q

tricyclic antidepressants

A

3 ring infused

122
Q

monoaimine oxidase inhibitors

A

supresses enzyme that normally breaks down neurotransmitters

122
Q

antipsychotic’s

A

treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other illnesses
- aka neuroleptics

123
Q

mood stabilizers

A

used to treat patients with mood changes like bipolar disorder

124
Q

lithium

A

reduced frequencyand severity of manic symptoms

125
Q

hypnotic

A

used to produce sleep

126
Q

stimulants

A

used for ADHD

127
Q
A

MRI Med Term (47 decks)

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