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mri med term > Chapter 17 Eye > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Eye Flashcards

1
Q

pupil

A

central dark opening of the eye

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2
Q

iris

A

colored portion of the eye

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3
Q

conjunctiva

A

membrane lining the inner surfaces of the eyelids

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4
Q

cornea

A

fibrous, transparent tissue that extends like a dome over pupil and iris

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5
Q

refraction

A

bending of light rays by the cornea

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6
Q

sclera

A

opaque white of the eye

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7
Q

choroid

A

dark brown membrane inside sclera

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8
Q

accomodation

A

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from near to far

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9
Q

anterior chamber

A

area behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris

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10
Q

aqueous humor

A

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber

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11
Q

biconvex

A

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly like a sphere.

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12
Q

ciliary body

A

structure surrounding the lens that connects the iris to the choroid

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13
Q

cone

A

photoreceptor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into a nerve impulse
- responsible for color and central vision

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14
Q

fovea centralis

A

tiny pit or depression in the retina that the region clearest vision

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15
Q

fundus of the eye

A

posterior, inner portion of the eye
- visualized with a opthalmoscope

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16
Q

lens

A

small transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye
- it bends light rays to bring them into focus on the retina

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17
Q

macula

A

small oval region on the retina near the optic disc
- contains fovea centralis

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18
Q

optic chiasm

A

point at which optic nerves cross in the brain

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19
Q

optic disc

A

region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina
- it is the blind spot in the eye due to lack of rods and cones (only nerve fibers)

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20
Q

optic nerve

A

cranial nerve carrying impulses from retina to the brain

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21
Q

rod

A

photoreceptor cell of the retina for vision in low light and for peripheral vision

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22
Q

thalamus

A

relay center of the brain
- optic nerve fibers pass through the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex

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23
Q

vitreous humor

A

soft, jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber
- helps maintain the shape of the eye

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24
Q

astigmatism

A

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

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25
Q

hyperopia
hypermetropia

A

farsightedness

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26
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness

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27
Q

presbyopia

A

impairment of vision as a result of old age

28
Q

cataract

A

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

29
Q

chalazion

A

small, hard cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid

30
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

disease of the retina caused by diabetes melitus

31
Q

macular edema

A

fluid leaks from blood vessels into the retina and vision is blurred

32
Q

exudates

A

fluid leaking from the blood

33
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

34
Q

tonometry

A

diagnoses glaucoma
- instrument applied externally to eye + anesthetic

35
Q

trabeculoplasty

A

laser therapy for chronic open angle glaucoma

36
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid causing redness, crusting, and swelling

37
Q

chalazion

A

granuloma formed around an inflamed sebaceous gland

38
Q

dacryocystits

A

blockage, inflammation, and infection of the nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sac
- causes swelling and redness in the region between nose and lower lid

39
Q

ectropion

A

outward sagging and eversion of the eyelid
- leads to improper lacrimation, corneal drying, and ulceration

40
Q

entropion

A

inversion of the eyelid
- lashes rub against the eye and corneal abrasion may result

41
Q

hordeolum (stye)

A

small, superficial white nodule along lid margin due to infection of sebaceous gland

42
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of upper lid margin from neuromuscular margin

43
Q

xanthelasma

A

raised yellowish plaque on eye lid

44
Q

nystagmus

A

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

45
Q

retinal detachment

A

two layers of the retina separate from each other

46
Q

photopsia

A

bright flashes of lightr

47
Q

abismus

A

abnormal deviation of the eye

48
Q

esotropia

A

one eye turns inward
- cross eyes

49
Q

exotropia

A

one eye turns out

50
Q

hypertropia

A

upward deviation of one eye

51
Q

hypotropia

A

downward deviation of one eye

52
Q

amblyopia

A

partial loss of vision
- aka lazy eye

53
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

54
Q

fluoreacein angiography

A

intravenous injection of fluorescein dye followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils

55
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

visual exam of the interior eye

56
Q

optical coherence tomography (OCT)

A

non-invasive imaging technique using light waves to take cross-sectional pictures of the retina

57
Q

slit lamp microscopy

A

exam of exterior ocular structures under microscopic magnification

58
Q

visual acuity test

A

clarity of vision is assessed

59
Q

visual field test

A

measurement of the entire scope of vision

60
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the entire eyeball

61
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cornea

62
Q

laser photocoagulation

A

intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels

63
Q

lasik

A

use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction
- myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism

64
Q

phacoemulsification

A

cataract removal surgery
- ultrasonic vibrations breakup the lens

65
Q

scleral buckle

A

suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

66
Q

vitrectomy

A

removal of the vitreous humor

mri med term (36 decks)

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