Chapter 16: Skin Flashcards
adipocyte
fat cell
albinism
condition of skin deficient in pigment
apocrine sweat gland
one of the large exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas
- secretes sweat combined with bacteria makes body odor
basal layer
deepest region of the epidermis
-gives rise to all epidermal cells
collagen
structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue
cuticle
band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate
dermis
middle layer of the skine
eccrine sweat gland
most numerous sweat producing exocrine gland in the skin
epidermis
outmost layer of the skin
epithelium
layer of skin cells forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body
hair follicle
sac within which each hair grows
integumentary system
the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails
keratin
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails.
- keratin means horn, commonly found in horns of animals
lunula
half moon shaped, whitish area at the base of the nail
melanin
skin pigment
- formed by melanocytes in epidermis
eumelanin
brown-black pigment
phebmelanin
red-yellow
paronychium
soft tissue surrounding the nail border
pore
tiny opening on the surface of the skin
sebaceous gland
oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles
sebum
oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands
squamous epithelium
flat. scale like cells composing the epidermis
stratified
layers
stratum/ strata
a layer of cells
stratum corneum
outmost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened, keratinized cells
subcutaneous layer
innermost layer of the skin
- contains fat tissue
diaphoro
profuse sweating
lesion
area of abnormal tissue anywhere on the body
crust
collection of dried serum and cellular debris
cyst
thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material
pilonidal cyst
found over the sacral area of the midline
- contains hair
epidermoid cyst
yellowish, cheesy sebum on the scalp, vulva, and scrotum
erosion
wearing away or loss of epidermis
fissure
groove or crack-like sore
macule
flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1cm in diameter
nodule
solid, round, or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter
papule
small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevated skin
- ex: skin tag & pimples
pustule
papule containing pus
ulcer
open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper erosions)
decubitus ulcer
bed sores
vesicle
small collection of clear fluid (serum)
blister
wheal
smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder than the surrounding skin
alopecia
absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
ecchymosis
blueish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin
petechia
small, pinpoint hemorrhage
pruritus
itching
acne
chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum
acne vulgaris
caused by a buildup of sebum and keratin in the pores
comedo
comedone
blackhead
whitehead
sebum plug that partially blocks pore
burns
injury to tissues caused by heat contact
first degree burns
superficial epidermal lesions, erythema, hyperesthesia, and no blisters
second degree burns (partial-thickness burn injury)
epidermal and dermal lesions,, erythema, blsiters, and hyperesthesia.
- wound is painful and very sensitive to touch and air currents
third degree burns (full-thickness burn injury)
epidermis and dermis are destroyed and subcutaneous layer is damaged , leaving scarred white tissue
cellulitis
diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
eczema
inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular or papulosquamous lesions
atopic dermatitis
rash often begins on face, hands, and at elbow crease or back of the kneea
topy
out of place or unusual
rubela
german measles
rubeola
measles
varicella
chickenpox
gangrene
death of tissueassociated with lost blood supply
impetigo
bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions
psoriasis
chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
