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MRI Med Term > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

bones are made of

A

made of osseous tissue, blood vessels, and nerves

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2
Q

osseous tissue

A

specialized connective tissue

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3
Q

osteocytes

A

bone cells

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3
Q

osseous tissue is made of

A

osteocytes
collagen,
calcium salts

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4
Q

collagen

A

dense connective tissue strands

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5
Q

bones of a fetus

A

made of cartilage
- add calcium salt over time to replace them with bone

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6
Q

ossification

A

bone formation

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7
Q

osteoblast

A

immature osteocytes to produce bone
- builds up bone

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8
Q

osteoclast

A

reabsorb or digest bony tissue
- breaks down bone

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9
Q

osteocytes aka

A

bone phagocytes

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10
Q

number of bone

A

206

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11
Q

long bones

A

strong
broad at both ends
large area for surface attachments

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12
Q

short bones

A

small
irregular shape

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13
Q

flat bones

A

for small body parts

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14
Q

sesamoid bones

A

small, rounded bones

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15
Q

diaphysis

A

middle region
- aka shaft

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16
Q

shaft of the bone

A

middle region

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17
Q

epiphysis

A

the end of the long bone

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18
Q

epiphyseal line/plate

A

area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replaced by new bone tissue as the bone grows
- aka growth plate

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19
Q

cartilage cells

A

help form new bones
- lengthen bones during childhood and adolescence

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20
Q

full growth

A

plates calcifies and disappears

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21
Q

metaphysis

A

flared portion of the bone
- between the epiphysis and diaphysis
-adjacent to epiphyseal plate

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22
Q

periosteum

A

strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers long bones except the end
- also has extensive nerve supply

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23
Q

articular cartilage

A

coverage for when ends of long bones and surface of any bone meets another bone to form a joint

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24
Q

articular cartilage described

A

smooth, strong, and slick tissue

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25
Q

articular cartilage job

A

it caps the end of the bone
- cushion joint and allows it move smoothly and efficiently

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26
Q

compact. cortical bone

A

a layer of dense bone under the periosteum in all bones
- located around the diaphysis of long bones

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27
Q

haversian canals

A

small canals that bring oxygen and nutrients to bone and remove waste products (CO2)

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28
Q

medullary cavity

A

compact bone is tunneled out in the central shift

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29
Q

yellow bone marrow

A

composed by fat cells

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30
Q

cancellous bone
spongy bone
trabecular bone

A

porous, less dense bone

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31
Q

trabeculae

A

series of separated bony fibers that make up a spongy latticework
- found on epiphyses and metaphyses

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32
Q

red bone marrow

A

immature and mature blood cells in stages of development

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33
Q

hematopoiesis

A

production of all types of blood cells in bone marrow

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34
Q

bone processes

A

enlarged areas that extend out of the bones that serve as attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

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35
Q

bone head

A

rounded end of a bonec

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36
Q

condyle

A

round, knuckle like process at the end of the bone

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37
Q

epicondyle

A

small rounded process above the condyle

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38
Q

trochanter

A

large and small processes for tendon attachment on the femur

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39
Q

tuberosity

A

round elevation where where tendons and muscles attach to humerus, calcaneus and pelvis

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40
Q

fissure

A

narrow groove or slit like

41
Q

foramen

A

opening for blood vessels and nerves

42
Q

fossa

A

shallow cavity in or on the bone

43
Q

sinus

A

hollow cavity within the bone

44
Q

sutures

A

where cranial bones join each other at the joints

45
Q

fontanelles

A

gaps of unossified tissue at birth
- aka soft spots

46
Q

frontal bone

A

forehead and bony sockets for eyes

47
Q

parietal bone

A

2 bones that make the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium

48
Q

temporal bone

A

2 bones that form the lower sides and base of cranium
- encloses an ear and contains a fossa for joining the mandible

49
Q

mastoid process

A

round process of temporal bone behind the ear

50
Q

styloid process

A

projects downward from temporal bone

51
Q

occipital bone

A

forms the back and base of the skull
- joins the parietal and temporal bones forming a suture

52
Q

foramen magnum

A

inferior opening where the spinal cord passes

53
Q

sphenoid bone

A

bat shaped bone that extents behind the eyes and forms part of the base of skull

54
Q

sella turcica

A

depression in the sphenoid where the pituitary gland is located

55
Q

ethmoid bones

A

thin, delicate bone that supports nasal cavity and forms sockets of the eyes

56
Q

nasal bones

A

2 slender bones that support bridge of the nose
- join to form nasal septum

57
Q

lacrimal bones

A

2 small, thin bones at the corner of each eye
- contain a fossae for lacrimal gland and canals for passage for the lacrimal duct

58
Q

maxillary bones

A

2 large bones that compose the upper jawbone

59
Q

cleft palate

A

when 2 maxillary bones don’t come together normally before birth

60
Q

mandbular bone

A

lower jawbone

61
Q

alveoli

A

sockets
- on the maxilla and mandible

62
Q

zygomatic bones

A

2 bones that form the upper cheek

63
Q

vomer

A

thin, single flat bone that forms the lower portion of the nasal septum

64
Q

sinuses

A

air cavities that warm and moisten air as it passes through
- in cranial and facial bones

65
Q

acetabulum

A

hip socket

66
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bone

67
Q

carpals

A

wrist bone =

68
Q

clavicle

A

collar bone

69
Q

coccyx

A

tailbone

70
Q

cranium

A

skull

71
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

72
Q

fibula

A

smaller of the two lower leg bones

73
Q

humerus

A

upper arm bone

74
Q

ilium

A

upper pelvic bone

75
Q

ischium

A

lower part of pelvic bone

76
Q

malleous

A

ankle

77
Q

mandible

A

lower jaw bone

78
Q

maxilla

A

upper jawbone

79
Q

metacarpals

A

hand bones

80
Q

metatarsals

A

bones between tarsals and toes

81
Q

olecrannon

A

elbow

82
Q

patella

A

kneecap

83
Q

phalanges

A

fingers and toes

84
Q

pubis

A

anterior part of pelvic bone

85
Q

radius

A

forearm bone (thumb side)

86
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade

87
Q

sternum

A

breastbone

88
Q

tarsals

A

hindfoot and midfoot bones

89
Q

tibia

A

shin bone
- larger of the two lower leg bones

90
Q

ulna

A

forearm bone (pinky side)

91
Q

vertebra

A

backbone/ spine

92
Q

acromion

A

outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

93
Q

bone depression

A

opening or hallow region serving as a connection for bones or as passageway for blood vessels and nerves

94
Q

bone process

A

enlarged area that extends from bones
- covered in articular cartilage
-serves as attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

95
Q

calcium

A

one of the mineral constituents of the bone

96
Q

disc

A

flat, round, plate like structure (fibrocartilaginous) between two vertebrae

97
Q

physiatrist

A

medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation

98
Q

ribs

A

12 pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall

99
Q

true ribs

A

ribs 1-7

100
Q

false ribs

A

ribs 8-10

101
Q

floating ribs

A

ribs 11 & 12

MRI Med Term (36 decks)

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