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MRI Med Term > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

bones are made of

A

made of osseous tissue, blood vessels, and nerves

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2
Q

osseous tissue

A

specialized connective tissue

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3
Q

osteocytes

A

bone cells

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3
Q

osseous tissue is made of

A

osteocytes
collagen,
calcium salts

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4
Q

collagen

A

dense connective tissue strands

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5
Q

bones of a fetus

A

made of cartilage
- add calcium salt over time to replace them with bone

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6
Q

ossification

A

bone formation

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7
Q

osteoblast

A

immature osteocytes to produce bone
- builds up bone

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8
Q

osteoclast

A

reabsorb or digest bony tissue
- breaks down bone

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9
Q

osteocytes aka

A

bone phagocytes

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10
Q

number of bone

A

206

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11
Q

long bones

A

strong
broad at both ends
large area for surface attachments

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12
Q

short bones

A

small
irregular shape

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13
Q

flat bones

A

for small body parts

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14
Q

sesamoid bones

A

small, rounded bones

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15
Q

diaphysis

A

middle region
- aka shaft

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16
Q

shaft of the bone

A

middle region

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17
Q

epiphysis

A

the end of the long bone

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18
Q

epiphyseal line/plate

A

area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replaced by new bone tissue as the bone grows
- aka growth plate

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19
Q

cartilage cells

A

help form new bones
- lengthen bones during childhood and adolescence

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20
Q

full growth

A

plates calcifies and disappears

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21
Q

metaphysis

A

flared portion of the bone
- between the epiphysis and diaphysis
-adjacent to epiphyseal plate

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22
Q

periosteum

A

strong, fibrous, vascular membrane that covers long bones except the end
- also has extensive nerve supply

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23
Q

articular cartilage

A

coverage for when ends of long bones and surface of any bone meets another bone to form a joint

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24
articular cartilage described
smooth, strong, and slick tissue
25
articular cartilage job
it caps the end of the bone - cushion joint and allows it move smoothly and efficiently
26
compact. cortical bone
a layer of dense bone under the periosteum in all bones - located around the diaphysis of long bones
27
haversian canals
small canals that bring oxygen and nutrients to bone and remove waste products (CO2)
28
medullary cavity
compact bone is tunneled out in the central shift
29
yellow bone marrow
composed by fat cells
30
cancellous bone spongy bone trabecular bone
porous, less dense bone
31
trabeculae
series of separated bony fibers that make up a spongy latticework - found on epiphyses and metaphyses
32
red bone marrow
immature and mature blood cells in stages of development
33
hematopoiesis
production of all types of blood cells in bone marrow
34
bone processes
enlarged areas that extend out of the bones that serve as attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments
35
bone head
rounded end of a bonec
36
condyle
round, knuckle like process at the end of the bone
37
epicondyle
small rounded process above the condyle
38
trochanter
large and small processes for tendon attachment on the femur
39
tuberosity
round elevation where where tendons and muscles attach to humerus, calcaneus and pelvis
40
fissure
narrow groove or slit like
41
foramen
opening for blood vessels and nerves
42
fossa
shallow cavity in or on the bone
43
sinus
hollow cavity within the bone
44
sutures
where cranial bones join each other at the joints
45
fontanelles
gaps of unossified tissue at birth - aka soft spots
46
frontal bone
forehead and bony sockets for eyes
47
parietal bone
2 bones that make the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium
48
temporal bone
2 bones that form the lower sides and base of cranium - encloses an ear and contains a fossa for joining the mandible
49
mastoid process
round process of temporal bone behind the ear
50
styloid process
projects downward from temporal bone
51
occipital bone
forms the back and base of the skull - joins the parietal and temporal bones forming a suture
52
foramen magnum
inferior opening where the spinal cord passes
53
sphenoid bone
bat shaped bone that extents behind the eyes and forms part of the base of skull
54
sella turcica
depression in the sphenoid where the pituitary gland is located
55
ethmoid bones
thin, delicate bone that supports nasal cavity and forms sockets of the eyes
56
nasal bones
2 slender bones that support bridge of the nose - join to form nasal septum
57
lacrimal bones
2 small, thin bones at the corner of each eye - contain a fossae for lacrimal gland and canals for passage for the lacrimal duct
58
maxillary bones
2 large bones that compose the upper jawbone
59
cleft palate
when 2 maxillary bones don't come together normally before birth
60
mandbular bone
lower jawbone
61
alveoli
sockets - on the maxilla and mandible
62
zygomatic bones
2 bones that form the upper cheek
63
vomer
thin, single flat bone that forms the lower portion of the nasal septum
64
sinuses
air cavities that warm and moisten air as it passes through - in cranial and facial bones
65
acetabulum
hip socket
66
calcaneus
heel bone
67
carpals
wrist bone =
68
clavicle
collar bone
69
coccyx
tailbone
70
cranium
skull
71
femur
thigh bone
72
fibula
smaller of the two lower leg bones
73
humerus
upper arm bone
74
ilium
upper pelvic bone
75
ischium
lower part of pelvic bone
76
malleous
ankle
77
mandible
lower jaw bone
78
maxilla
upper jawbone
79
metacarpals
hand bones
80
metatarsals
bones between tarsals and toes
81
olecrannon
elbow
82
patella
kneecap
83
phalanges
fingers and toes
84
pubis
anterior part of pelvic bone
85
radius
forearm bone (thumb side)
86
scapula
shoulder blade
87
sternum
breastbone
88
tarsals
hindfoot and midfoot bones
89
tibia
shin bone - larger of the two lower leg bones
90
ulna
forearm bone (pinky side)
91
vertebra
backbone/ spine
92
acromion
outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder
93
bone depression
opening or hallow region serving as a connection for bones or as passageway for blood vessels and nerves
94
bone process
enlarged area that extends from bones - covered in articular cartilage -serves as attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments
95
calcium
one of the mineral constituents of the bone
96
disc
flat, round, plate like structure (fibrocartilaginous) between two vertebrae
97
physiatrist
medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation
98
ribs
12 pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall
99
true ribs
ribs 1-7
100
false ribs
ribs 8-10
101
floating ribs
ribs 11 & 12

MRI Med Term (47 decks)

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