Chapter 20 Lecture 4 PART IV Flashcards
School-Age Child
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Kolhberg’s Theory
-According to his theory, decisions are based on what?
Moral development
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Kohlberg’s Theory
-The younger school-age child is in what level?
-moral behavior is based on what?
-What do they avoid?
-preconventional level
-self-interest only
-do things to AVOID getting in trouble
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Kohlberg’s Theory
-the older school-age child is at what level?
-what are they concerned about?
-what are they looking for from others?
-conventional level
-group interests and values
-looking for approval from others and to social authority for definition of rules
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Moral Behavior Problems
-What are common behaviors during school-age years?
Lying, cheating, stealing
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Moral Behavior Problems
-Guidance is needed for what?
To choose more socially acceptable ways to cope with stressors
VALUED-BELIEFS PATTERN: Moral Behavior Problems
-consequences should be what?
Congruent with developmental understanding of the event
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS
-what is the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year?
Accidents
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS
-Name 3 environmental factors that can cause accidental deaths
- Seasonal Influence
-more accidents occur in the summer than in the winter because children play outside - SES (socioeconomic status)
-affects the children’s physical environment and access to danger
-space heaters (low income) vs. skiing places (wealthier) - Social Environment
-Family stress, school, playmates
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS; Drowning
-In terms of drowning, there are (fewer/more) school-aged children accidents than younger children
-Racial differences: more ______ children drown at this age than white American children
-what can be done to prevent this?
-fewer
-black American
-water safety teaching
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS
-heavy backpacks are associated with ______
-these are common in ______
-heavy backpacks are associated with what kind of problems?
-hazards
-school-age child
-musculoskeletal and neurological problems
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS
-What can cause burns?
-Prevention?
-House fires (Christmas tree, space heaters)
-Smoke detectors, fire safety practices
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS
-How do firearms cause death?
-Prevention?
-gun accidents and adolescent shootings
-locked guns, gun safety
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES: ACCIDENTS; Sports and Recreation
-What are the risks?
-There are guidelines for what?
-Prevention?
-musculoskeletal injuries with competitive sports
-playground equipment safety
-protective devices, hydration, conditioning exercises, match child to activity
MECHANICAL FORCES:
-What are 3 things to ensure car safety?
- Age-appropriate restraints and seats
- Child locks
- Rear seat placement
MECHANICAL FORCES:
-Is there a requirement for seat belts in buses?
-To prevent pedestrian-car accidents, it is important to teach children what?
-No
-Proper street-crossing techniques
MECHANICAL FORCES:
-Safety helmets are needed for what?
Bicycles, motorized, skateboards, and all terrain vehicles (ATVs)
MECHANICAL FORCES:
-Rollerblade, skateboard, and skate scooter accidents are more severe than what?
-Who gets injured more, boys or girls?
-The AAP recommends at least ______ years of age to ride ATVs
-pedestrian injuries
-boys
-16
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS:
-School-age children face (fewer/more) infections than preschool children
-Why?
-fewer
-they have a stronger/more developed immune system
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS:
What are the most frequent illnesses?
- Upper respiratory infections (viral)
- Streptococcal infection, otitis media (bacterial)
- Gastroenteritis (viral)
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS:
-What are more frequent illnesses, which would allow the child to attend school once treatement starts?
- Scabies
- Pediculosis
- Lice (skin infestations)
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS:
-What are 5 immunizations that children should have?
- Meningococcal vaccination (age 11-12)
- Hepatitis B series (if not completed in early childhood)
- Human papillomavirus
- Varicella (if they don’t have history of chicken pox)
- Covid-19 –> approved for children 5 years and older
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Community and work
-Children develop the strongest relationships with who outside of their families?
-Other adults, such as teachers, can serve as what for the children?
-Peers
-influential role models
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Community and work
-Working parents often have issues with what?
-Latchkey children are what?
-after-school care
-left alone until parents return from work
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Culture and ethnicity
-Children’s attitudes towards what type of differences develop?
Racial differences
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH: Culture and ethnicity
-What are major influences on ideas and behaviors of children?
-What are risks associated with this?
-What should be done?
- TV
- video games
- computer games
-violent images, sedentary activity, and internet dangers
-limit screen time
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
-Assessment consists of what two things?
- Well-child evaluations
- Learning disabiltiies (identifying them)
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
-Testing-Screening consists of what three things?
- Vision
- Hearing
- Scoliosis
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
-Health-Promotion Education consists of what two things?
- Lifestyle choices
-> educate them on nutrition, health, self-care, body odor, and puberty - Safety
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
-Health Maintenance consists of what two things?
- Care for school-age child
- Immunizations
