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Lifespan EXAM 1 > Chapter 18 Lecture 3 PART II > Flashcards

Chapter 18 Lecture 3 PART II Flashcards

Toddler

1
Q

NIGHT TERRORS:
-Are they normal?
-As the child develops they are (more/less) frequent?

A

-Yes
-less

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2
Q

NIGHT TERRORS:
-Are night terrors the same as nightmares?

A

No, nightmares develop at a later age

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3
Q

NIGHT TERRORS:
-What happens during night terrors?

A

-The child is not fully awake & cannot be aroused for minutes

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4
Q

NIGHT TERRORS:
-What should you instruct the parents to do?

A

-Speak soothingly to the child and DO NOT try to wake them up

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5
Q

NIGHT TERRORS:
-The child should fall back to sleep after ____ minutes
-Do they recall the episode in the morning?

A

-5 to 10 minutes
-No, typically they don’t

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6
Q

Toddlers need _____ for healthy growth.
-What can help them feel more secure?

A

-adequate sleep
-stuffed toys

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7
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-What stage do they start at? What do they move into?

A

-sensorimotor -> preoperational

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8
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-Egocentrism

A

-view the world as it relates to them
-Cannot put themselves in someone else’s shoes

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9
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-Object permanence

A

-They should have a solid understanding of it by now

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10
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-How do language skills develop?
-Are receptive skills or expressive skills greater?

A

-rapidly
-receptive skills are greater than expressive skills

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11
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-What is play imperative to?
-It is often done in which way?

A

-learning
-repetition

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12
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET):
-Burgeoning curiosity causes what?

A

safety concerns

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13
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET): “Terrible Twos”
-What should the parents do when the child throws tantrums?
-They should make sure they understand what?

A

-Not give in
-What the tantrum is about/what it’s related to

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14
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET): Hearing
-What is hearing critical for?
-When is hearing loss assessed?
-When is it tested?
-What is otitis media?

A

-language/speech
-at birth
-during toddler and preschool years
-the leading cause of hearing loss in toddlers

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15
Q

COGNITIVE PERCEPTUAL PATTERN (PIAGET): Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
-What is common in children with ASD?
-Is there a cause? treatment?

A

-Imparied social interactions and communications
-Signficiantly restricted activites and interest
-No known cause or single treatment

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16
Q

SELF-PERCEPTION - SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN (ERIKSON):
-What did Erikson believe happened during this stage?
-To exert autonomy, toddlers must do what?

A

-autonomy vs. shame and doubt
-relinquish dependence on others

17
Q

SELF-PERCEPTION - SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN (ERIKSON):
-They need to explore the world in three ways:

A
  1. Physically
  2. Relationships
  3. Develop a sense of autonomy
18
Q

SELF-PERCEPTION - SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN (ERIKSON):
-Exploring the world physically:

A

-They need to be active
-climbing onto, poking into, crawling under

19
Q

SELF-PERCEPTION - SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN (ERIKSON):
-Exploring relationships
-What should the parents do in these situations?

A

-Search for limits of their (child’s) powers
-They say “NO!” & has temper tantrums
-Talk to them and help them regulate their emotions

20
Q

SELF-PERCEPTION - SELF-CONCEPT PATTERN (ERIKSON):
-Experiencing conflicting desires can be what for the parents and child?
-Example?

A

-confusing
-says no to drink and then cries when it’s taken away

21
Q

GUIDANCE TO PARENTS:
-What 2 things should you tell them?

A

-Keep a safe environment & promote autonomy
-Prevent and deal with temper tantrums

22
Q

ROLES-RELATIONSHIP PATTERN:
-The toddler’s capability for relationships is ___
-this reflects what?
-What is understood?

A

-limited
-their egocentric approach to everything else
-Parents’ and siblings’ roles as they relate to the child

23
Q

ROLES-RELATIONSHIP PATTERN: Sibling Rivalry
-What is it?
-What can be seen?
-What should parents do?

A

-an ongoing negotiation of roles and relationships
-Regression: the older sibling may want to use a baby bottle again after seeing the younger sibling use one
-“remove reward”- don’t punish sibling or reward toddler

24
Q

ROLES-RELATIONSHIP PATTERN:
-Toddler might do what with others?

A

-imitate others
-prefer others possessions

25
Q

ROLES-RELATIONSHIP PATTERN:
-The toddler has what kind of relationships with siblings?
-Older siblings typically do what?

A

-egocentric
-welcome the new family member, but sibling rivalry is common

26
Q

ROLES-RELATIONSHIP PATTERN: Adverse Child Experiences (ACES)
-Trauma can have what kind of effects?
-What does ACES measure?
-High ACE score = ?

A

-long-lasting
-traumatic experiences
-intervention is required

27
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-What years have the greatest incidence of abuse?

A

toddler years

28
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-Is more likely if parents…

A

were abused or if there’s turmoil or stress in the family

29
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
- ______ to warning signs of abuse

30
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-What may be difficult to distinguish from abuse?
-What can be mistaken for abuse? Like what?

A

-Injuries
-Cultural practices like coining and cupping

31
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-Abusive parents often hesistate to do what?

A

-Provide info

32
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-Nurses are required by law to do what?

A

-report suspected abuse

33
Q

CHILD ABUSE:
-10 warning signs of child abuse

A
  1. Parents delay in seeking medical help
  2. Inonsistencies in history of how the injury occured
  3. Injury is incompatible with the child’s capabilities
  4. Old, unexplained fractures on X-ray
  5. Repeated dental fracture or head trauma
  6. Bruises limited to back surface - neck to knees
  7. Bare spots (broken hair)
  8. Belt/buckle, hand, cigarette, hot water injury
  9. Burns with sharply demarcated edges
  10. Any kind of perineal injury and/or poor hygiene
34
Q

TEMPERAMENT:
-Describe an easy child

A
  1. Cooperative
  2. Adapt well to change
  3. Easy to distract
  4. Likes to try new things
  5. Moderate activity
  6. Happy disposition
35
Q

TEMPERAMENT:
-Describe a hard child

A
  1. Cling to parents
  2. Does not adapt to change
  3. Does not like to try new things
  4. Is difficult to distract
  5. High activity levels
  6. More prone to child abuse
36
Q

TEMPERAMENT:
-Describe a slow-to-warm-up child

A
  1. Is resistant or hesistant at first
  2. Shy, may cry for a bit, but eventually warms up
37
Q

TEMPERAMENT:
-Parents need to recognize what?

A

-The uniqueness of their children from birth

38
Q

TEMPERAMENT:
-Typically, children _______ change their temperament
-What should you do if there are changes?

A

-DO NOT
-investigate

Lifespan EXAM 1 (26 decks)

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