Ch 33 An Introduction to Invertebrates

Question 1

Three major groups of bilateral animals

Answer 1

1) Deuterostomes
2) Lophotrocozoa
3) Ecdysozoa

Question 2

Phylum Porifera

Answer 2

Sponges

Question 3

Sponges have 1)___ ___ ___ but no 2)___ ___

Answer 3

1) Specialized cell types

2) True tissues

Question 4

What kind of locomotion is exhibited by sponges?

Answer 4

None, they are sessile

Question 5

What creates water currents that move through the body of the sponge?

Answer 5

Movement occurring in flagella-bearing collar cells

Question 6

What supports the sponge body?

Answer 6

Spicules

Question 7

Spicules

Answer 7

Tiny calcium or silicon structures

Question 8

What structures in sponges function in digestion?

Answer 8

Amoebocytes

Question 9

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 9

1) Jellyfish
2) Anenomes
3) Corals

Question 10

Cnidarians posses what kind of symmetry?

Answer 10

Radial

Question 11

How do cnidarians feed?

Answer 11

By capturing food particles or prey from the water

Question 12

What are the two body forms of cnidarians?

Answer 12

1) Polyp (sessile)

2) Medusa (free-swimming)

Question 13

Many cnidarians have a life cycle that includes both 1)___ and 2)___ stages

Answer 13

1) Polyp

2) Medusa

Question 14

Cnidarians can possess sense organs used in 1)___ and detection of 2)___

Answer 14

1) Balance

2) Light

Question 15

Nematocysts

Answer 15

Held under high pressure (140 atm)

Launch a venomous spine at prey

Question 16

Lophotrocozoans share traits of:

Answer 16

1) Lophohore

2) Trocophore

Question 17

Lophophore

Answer 17

A horse-shoe shaped feeding structure

Question 18

Trocophore

Answer 18

Ciliated larva

Question 19

Phylum Platuhelminthes

Answer 19

Flatworms

Question 20

Flatworms lack:

Answer 20

1) Circulatory system
2) Respiratory system
3) Skeletal system
4) Coelom
5) Complete gut

Question 21

What indicates that flatworms may not be a good monophyletic taxon?

Answer 21

No shared derived trait unites all members of this group

Question 22

Groups based on 1)___ form have been shown to be 2)___

Answer 22

1) Coelom

2) Polyphyletic

Question 23

What was once the basis for major classification within the protostomes?

Answer 23

Coelom

Question 24

Reproduction of flatworms:

Answer 24

Usually, sexual via hermaphroditism

Question 25

Class Monogenea

Answer 25

All parasites

Phylum Playhelminthes

Question 26

Monogeneans have what?

Answer 26

The unciliated synctial layer typical of flatworms (except Turberllaria)

Question 27

Monogeneans are usually the parasites of what?

Answer 27

The skin and gills of fish

Question 28

Class Trematoda

Answer 28

Flukes (all parasitic)

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Question 29

Flukes are usually the parasites of what?

Answer 29

A mollusc and vertebrate host

Question 30

How many people are infected with flukes?

Answer 30

200 million

Question 31

Symptoms of fluke parasitism:

Answer 31

1) Pain
2) Anemia
3) Dysentery
4) Liver damage

Question 32

Class Trematoda

Answer 32

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Question 33

Dicroceolium (Class Trematoda) alters ant behavior for what purpose?

Answer 33

To increase the likelihood that it will be passed on to the next host (cow)

Question 34

Class Cestoda

Answer 34

Tapeworms

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Question 35

Tapeworms lack:

Answer 35

1) Head
2) Digestive system
3) Sense organs

Question 36

Tapeworms are mostly the parasites of what?

Answer 36

The intestine of vertebrates

Question 37

Proglottids

Answer 37

Comprises the body of tapeworms

Question 38

Are tapeworms hermaphroditic or gonochoric?

Answer 38

Hermaphroditic

Question 39

Scolex

Answer 39

Hooked structures

Question 40

What attaches a tapeworm to the host’s intestine?

Answer 40

The scolex

Question 41

Phylum Rotifera

Answer 41

Rotifers

Question 42

Maximum size of rotifers

Answer 42

3mm

Question 43

What kind of habitats to rotifers live in?

Answer 43

A wide range of aquatic and marine habitats

Question 44

Are rotifers able to survive extreme environmental conditions (drying, cold)?

Answer 44

Yes

Question 45

Three feeding types of rotifers:

Answer 45

1) Predators
2) Parasites
3) Filter feeders

Question 46

What is the mouth of rotifers equipped with?

Answer 46

A hard, muscular jaw

Question 47

Are rotifers hermaphroditic or gonochoristic?

Answer 47

Gonochoristic

Question 48

Phylum Mollusca

Answer 48

Mollusks

Question 49

Mollusca is one of the largest phylums, with over ___ species

Answer 49

90,000

Question 50

What limits mollusk habitat?

Answer 50

Their need for water

Question 51

What kind of climates do mollusks live in?

Answer 51

They are found in polar to tropical regions

Question 52

What is the size range of mollusks?

Answer 52

Microscopic to ~1 ton

Question 53

Mollusk shells are composed of ___ ___

Answer 53

Calcium carbonate

Question 54

Radula

Answer 54

A scraping, tongue-like feeding structure

Question 55

In what mollusks is the radula found?

Answer 55

All major mollusk classes, except bivalves

Question 56

Mantle

Answer 56

Encloses a mantle cavity and a muscular foot

Question 57

Most gastropods mollusks are ___

Answer 57

Herbivores

Question 58

How do bivalves move?

Answer 58

1) By extending and anchoring the foot

2) Propelling water between the valves

Question 59

Class Cephalopoda

Answer 59

Octopods and squid

Phylum Mollusca

Question 60

Class Gastropoda

Answer 60

Snails and slugs

Phylum Mollusca

Question 61

Class Bivalvia

Answer 61

Clams

Phylum Mollusca