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Pharmacology-PROF > Cell Wall synthesis inhibitors > Flashcards

Cell Wall synthesis inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors name ?

A
  • penicillin
  • cephalosporin
  • cycloserine
  • bacitracin
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2
Q

natural P ?

A
  1. benzylP /P-G
  2. phenoxyMethylP /P-V
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3
Q

Semi synthetic P ?

A
  1. Amoxicillin
  2. ampicillin
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4
Q

narrow spectrum P /

A

P-G & P-V

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5
Q

Broad spectrum P ?

A

A+A

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6
Q

beta lactamase sensitive ?

A
  1. A
  2. A
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7
Q

Beta lactamase resistant P ?

A
  1. cloxacillin
  2. Di-cloxacillin
  3. flu-cloxacillin
    nafcillin
    oxacillin
    methicillin
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8
Q

indication of P-G ?

A
  • sub acute bacterial endocarditis
  • syphillis
  • streptococcal infections
  • gonorrhoea
  • gas gangrene
  • tetanus
  • pneumococcal
  • prophylactic use

SGPT- 3221

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9
Q

indication of P-V ?

A
  • streptococcal
  • pneumococcal
  • trench mouth
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10
Q

indications of ampicillin ??

A
  • SABE
  • shigellosis
  • gonorrhea
  • RTI
  • neonatal infections
  • acute cholecytitis
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11
Q

indications of amoxicillin ?

A
  • UTI
  • gonorrhoea
  • child infections
  • stretococcal infections
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12
Q

M/A of P ?

A

page-758

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13
Q

benzathine P is preferred for prophylaxis of RF ??

A
  1. reduce the risk of subsequent acute RF
  2. NO resistance
  3. once monthly dosing
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14
Q

anti-microbials used in P hypersensitivity?

A
  • macrolides
  • metronidazole
  • vancomycin
  • aztreonam
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15
Q

Anti-pseudomonal P ??

A
  • carbenicillin
  • azlocillin

757

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16
Q

Depot P ??

A
  1. P-G + Procaine = 4-5 days
  2. P-G + Benzathine = 26 days
  3. intrathecal = convulsion
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17
Q

what type of action by P ??

A

Bactericidal

758

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18
Q

M/A of P ??

758

A
  1. Inhibition of transpeptidase enzyme
  2. binding with PBP
  3. Autolysins

758

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19
Q

degradative product of P ??

A

Penicilloic acid `

760

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20
Q

anti-staphylococcal p ?

A
  • cloxacillin
  • o-cloxacillin
  • flu-cloxacillin
  • nafcillin
  • oxacillin
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21
Q

non-beta lactam bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors name ??

A
  • vancomycin
  • cycloserine
  • bacitracine
  • daptomycin
  • Dalba-Tela-Orita-VANCIN
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22
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitors >

A

calvulanic acid
sul-bactam
tazo-bactam
avi-bactam
rele-bactam

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23
Q

amoxicillin + calvulinic acid = ?????

A

a= destroy by beta-lactamase
but CA inhibit it
so A is prolonged

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24
Q

M/A of cephalosporine ?

A

same as P

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25
Q

4th genetgeneration C ?

A

Cefepime

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26
Q

3rd generation C /

A
  • cefixime
  • ceftriaxone
  • ceftazidime
  • cefotaxime
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27
Q

1st G c ?

A

cephradine
cefa-droxil
cefa-zolin

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28
Q

2nd G C ?

A

Cefuroxime
cefotetan
cefoxitin
cefaclor

29
Q

A/E of P ?

A
  • HYpersensitivy
  • seizure
  • \N-V-D
  • neutropenia
  • intestinal nephristis
  • hepatitis
30
Q

impenam + cilastatin = ??

A

I = inactivated by dehydropeptidase in renal tubules
Cilastatin = inhibitor of renal dehydropeptidase

773

31
Q

oral C ??

A

1 = cefadroxil
2= cefaclor
3=cefixime

32
Q

5th Generation C ??

A
  • CeftoBiprole
  • CeftaRoline

766

33
Q

anti=pseudomonal C ??

A
  1. Cefepime
  2. ceftazidime
  3. C + azobactum
  4. ceftoLozan + tazobactum

766

34
Q

🤰 category of C ??

A

all safe

766

35
Q

A/E of C ??

A
  1. Allergy - hypersensitivity reaction
  2. cross allergenicity
  3. super infection
  4. bleeding
  5. disulfiram like action
  6. IM= local pain
  7. IV= Thrombophlebitis
  8. N-V-D-Ab pain

/769

36
Q

why C is not given in a pt who is allergic to P ??

A

cross allergenicity

769

37
Q

2nd G C spectrum ??

A
  1. less G +
  2. Moderate G -
  3. PEcK + HEN
  4. H= H influenza E = Enterobacter N = Neisseria

765

37
Q

1st G C spectrum ??

A
  • very active against G +
  • moderate G -
  • = PEcK = Proteus + E coli + Klebsiella
  • resistant to beta lactamase enzyme

765

38
Q

4th G C spectrum&raquo_space;>

A

more resistANT To Beta lactamase

39
Q

3rd G C spectrum ??

A
  • less G +
  • Expamded G -
  • HEN PEcK PSC
  • P= Providencia S = Serratia C = Citobacter

766

40
Q

3rd G C indication ???

A
  • meningitis
  • pneumococci
  • meningococci
  • H influenza
  • salmonella = gonorrheal infection
  • RTI
  • UTI
  • BTI
  • meningitis
  • prostatitis
  • synovitis
  • osteomyeltis
  • enteric fever

768

41
Q

4th G C indication ??

A
  • nosocomial infection caused by - Enterobactar + citobacter + serratia

768

42
Q

1 indication of penicillin ?

A

chemo prophylaxis of rheumatic fever

43
Q

SSTI e which quinolone >

A

flucloxacillin

44
Q

which Cephalosporin used most ?

A

ceftriaxone in 3rd G

45
Q

oral indication of 3rd G C ?

A

UTI
RTI
speticemia

46
Q

prophylactic use of penicllin which one ?

47
Q

Ratio of co-trimoxazole ?

48
Q

Why trimethprim is less ?

A

it is more lipid soluble - rapidly distributed
1:5 - peak conc e same time jay
more potent to its target

49
Q

are quinolones pregnancy safe >

50
Q

SHORT acting penicillin name ?

A

Ampicillin
amoxicillin
P-V

51
Q

LONG acting penicillin ?

A

benzathin P
Procaine p

52
Q

oral penicillin name ?

A

P-V
amoxicillin
ampicillin
cloxacillin
flucloxacillin

53
Q

pparental P name >

A

P-G
procaine P
nafcillin
methicillin
pipoercillin

54
Q

why not orally given ?

A

acid labile
destroyed by gastric acid

55
Q

spectrum of amoxiccilin ?

56
Q

spectrum of P-G ?

57
Q

Amoxicillin er limitations resist korte tumi kon step niba >

58
Q

why penicillin pregnancy safe ?

A

Penicillin is considered safe in pregnancy because it does not cross the placenta in significant amounts and has no known teratogenic effects, making it widely used for treating bacterial infections in pregnant women.

59
Q

why aminoglycoside not P safe <

A

cross blood-placental barrier

60
Q

indication of long acting peniccilin <

61
Q

RF e Penicillin?

A

Conclusion: Long-acting penicillin is used for years or lifelong in rheumatic fever prophylaxis, with injections every 3-4 weeks.

62
Q

thyphoid – which cephalosporin?

A

The cephalosporin used in typhoid is Ceftriaxone. It is a third-generation cephalosporin and is effective against Salmonella typhi, the causative organism of typhoid fever.

63
Q

which Cephalosporin in wound infection ?

A

For wound infections, first-generation cephalosporins like Cefazolin or Cephalexin are commonly used because they are effective against Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species),

64
Q

in respiratory purpose when we use levofloxacin and when ciprofloxacin

A

According to Katzung & Trevor’s Pharmacology:

  • Levofloxacin is preferred for respiratory infections like:
    • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
    • Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB)
    • Because it has better activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and atypical pathogens (e.g., Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Legionella).
  • Ciprofloxacin is used for respiratory infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as:
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).
    • It is less effective against S. pneumoniae and atypical pathogens compared to levofloxacin.

Summary: Use levofloxacin for typical and atypical respiratory pathogens, and ciprofloxacin for Gram-negative respiratory infections like Pseudomonas.

65
Q

frequency of dosing of amoxicillin?

A

3 times /day

66
Q

frequency of dosing of ampicillin ?

A

4 times /day

764

67
Q

non- beta lactam cell wall synthesis inhibitors?

A

vancomycin
daptomycin

cycloserin
fosfomycin

bacitracin

DALBA-TELA-ORITA-vancin

15.2.2025
11.04PM

Pharmacology-PROF (37 decks)

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