Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology-PROF > Anesthesia > Flashcards

Anesthesia Flashcards

1
Q

objectives / characteristics /cardinal features of GA ??

649

A
  1. analgesia
  2. amnesia - loss of memory
  3. loss of consciousness
  4. loss of autonomic reflex
  5. skeletal muscle relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stages of GA ?

A
  1. S-1 = Analgesia
  2. S-2 = excitement
  3. S-3 = Surgical A
  4. S-4 = medullary paralysis

549

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which stage is tried to do short / skipped ??

A

stage-2
violent + combative behavior + rise / irregularity of BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How to short stage - ??

A

before inhalation A
IV - thiopental

649

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

other name / sign
of stages of GA ??

A

Goudels signn

649

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which A is using recently ??

A

PROPOFOL

650

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pre-anesthetic medication drugs name ??

A
  1. reduce anxiety = BDZ
  2. reduce analgesia = NSAID + opioids
  3. reduce bronchial salivary sweating secration = Anti-Muscarinic
  4. reduce gastric acid secretion = PPI
  5. Prevent vomiting = Ondansetron + metoclopramide
  6. prevent allergy = Antihistamine
  7. prevent infection = antibiotics
  8. for emptying GIT = Laxatives

651

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

stage of GA ??

A
  • Induction
  • maintenance
  • recovery

652

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drugs of Induction stage ??

A
  • IV = Thiopental + Propofol + Etomidate
  • Inhalation = halothane + sevoflurane

652

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Drugs in Maintanence stage of GA ??

A
  • IV = ppropofol
  • Inhalation = Nitrous oxide + O2 + Halothane + sevoflurane
  • Neuromuscular blocker + Opioid

652

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs in Recovery stage of GA ??

A
  • Withdraw of Inhalation
  • Reverse muscle relaxation = Neostigmine
  • Analgesic = Opioid
  • Anti-emetic = Ondansetron + Metoclopramide + Cyclizine

652

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

combination of mutilple drugs for GA is called ??

A

Balanced A

653

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IV / parental A name ??

A
  1. BDZ - Dia+Lora=Zepam + Midazolam
  2. Barbiturates = Thiopental Na + Methohexital
  3. Opioid = morphine + pethidine + fentanyl
  4. propofol
  5. ketamine
  6. etomidate

654

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which A drugs in BD ??

A
  • Thiopental Na
  • ketamine
  • propofol

KTP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which A drugs in children??

A

PROPOFOL

654

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inhalation A ??

A
  • Halothane
  • sevoflurane
  • enflurane
  • desflurane
  • Nitrous oxide
  • O2
  • isoflurane

654

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why Halothane + Nitrous oxide ??

A
  • H = Good analgesia No A
  • NO = Good A but No Analgesia

656

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

dissociative A ??

A

ketamine A

655

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

M/A of ketamine ??

661

A
  • profound analgesia
  • unresponsiveness to coma
  • amnesia
  • eyes open
  • limbs involuntary
  • breath spontaneously
  • = DIssociative A

661

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Antiodote of Thiopental Na ??

A

No specific Antidote

658

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cellular M/A of thiopnetal / GA ??

A
  • EFfects on synaptic transmission
  • action potential generation of propaagation

658

22
Q

Molecular M/A of GA ??

A
  • Target = Ligand gated ion channels
  • inc sensitivity of the GABAa receptors to GABA

658

23
Q

Why Thiopental Na is preferred for Induction ??

A
  • lipid solubility
  • IV
  • Quickly enters into CNS
  • Time = 1 minute

658

24
Q

what will happen if Thiopental Na is given in a post-operative patient ??

A
  1. cardio-respiratory depression

659

24
Q

Mostly used LA ??

A

LIDOCAINE

665

25
Q

Minor surgery which A ??

A

Local A

664

26
Q

Esters of LA ??

A
  • Procaine
  • cocaine
  • tetracaine
  • benzocaine

664

27
Q

Amides of LA ??

A
  • Lidocaine
  • bupiVacaine
  • MepiVacaine
  • LevoBupivacaine

664

28
Q

Why LA + Adrenaline ??

668

A
  • Adrenaline = local vasoconstriction
  • dec blood flow
  • dec absoprtion of LA
  • LA can act on nerve for more time
  • Prolongation of action of LA

668

29
Q

Relationship of LA & Contact ??

A

inc contact time of LA = inc duration of action

30
Q

Dose of Lidocaine with/without Adrenaline ??

A
  • L only = 4.5 mg/kg
  • L + Adrenaline = 7 mg/kg

664

31
Q

in 70kg person dose of L ??

A
  • Only L = 70*4.5 = 315mg
  • L+A = 70*7 = 490 mg

664

32
Q

caessarian delivery which LA ??

A

Spinal LA

667

33
Q

Painless vaginal delievry which LA ??

A

Epidurla LA

667

34
Q

M/A of LA ??

A

667

35
Q

LA form in market ??

A

Ample - Liquid - Ionized form

36
Q

contraindications of Adrenaline in LA ??

A

Donot apply in arteries containing end arteries = gangrene - ischemia + necrosis

668

37
Q

which surgical OT by LA ??

A
  • Abscess drainage
  • circumcision
  • cesarean section
  • orthopedic procedure ‘vascular surgeries

670

37
Q

most important A/E of LA ??

A

Tongue numbness + metallic taste

669

38
Q

others A/E of LA ??

A
  • Sleepiness
  • light-Headedness
  • nystagmus
  • muscular twitching
  • tonic clonic convulsions
  • depression of CNS
  • Cardiac arrest
  • arrythmia

669

39
Q

Indications of Ketamine ??

A
  • useful for Pt who are at risk of hypotension + bronchospasm
  • popular alternative of opioid as minimize respiratory depression
  • multiple routes can apply
  • combined with propofol

661

40
Q

advantages of Lidocaine ??

A

✅ ↑ Potency 🔥 (crosses nerve membrane easily)
✅ ↑ Duration of Action ⏳ (binds to lipophilic tissue → slow release)
✅ ↑ Nerve Penetration 🎯 (better blockade of deep nerves)
✅ ↓ Systemic Absorption 🚫 (stays local, less toxicity)
✅ Better Protein Binding 🛡️ (prolonged effect)

41
Q

which drugs are used as route of administration for LA ??

A

Spinal & epidural LA

42
Q

Which A used with gasegaseous GA ??

A

O2

43
Q

In which stage of GA surgery is proceded ??

A

surgical A

Prof

44
Q

why we give Atropine before A ??

A

Dec secretion

651 PROF

45
Q

Which receptor is blocked by Lidocaine ??

A

voltage gated Na channel in afferent neurons

46
Q

indication of Bupivacaine ??

A

cesarian section

47
Q

indication of Thiopental Na ??

A

658

48
Q

most popular IV GA ??

A

PROPOFOL

659

Pharmacology-PROF (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions