b50 Flashcards
a resource or environmental condition that limits the growth, distribution, or abundance of an organism or population within an ecosystem
limiting factor
set of environmental conditions in which an organism can live and reproduce
niche
what does n indicate in the Hutchonsonain niche/n-dimensional hypervolume
n indicates the number of different environmental conditions that determine where an organism can survive and reproduce
what describes the phenomena of how an organisms performance is low near the extremes of a limiting factor and optimal optimal at some intermediate value
performance curve
the set of environmental conditions where the species ACC occurs
realized niche
the set of environmental conditions that a species COULD tolerate
fundamental niche
convert the energy of sunlight or inorganic compounds into chemical energy stores in the carbon-carbon bonds of organic compounds
autotrophs
obtain energy by consuming organic compounds from other organisms
heterotrophs
what is the definition of ecology?
ecology is the study of the interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms
a group of interacting organisms AND their physical environment
ecosystem
the number of individuals in a population; sometimes also called population size
population abundance
the number of individuals in a population within a defined spatial area.
also it is synonymous with what?
defined by the term N
population density
population abundance
what is the mark recapture formula?
M/N = R/C
their traits and behaviors alter habitats in ways that affect the other species that share their ecosystem
ecosystem engineers (ex. beavers)
a phenomenon in which individuals in a population reproduce less and have lower probabilities of survival within a given time period as population density increases. these reductions in reproduction and survival will slow the population growth through time
density dependence
what competition leads to density dependence
intraspecific competition
what are common limiting resources/limiting factor
food, shelter, water, light availability (for plants)
a populations maximum per capita growth rate in a particular habitat
intrinsic rate of increase or rmax
what determines what resources are available to organisms and, thus where they can live?
the physical environment
is weather the same as climate?
no
current state of the atmosphere at any given time
weather
long-term description of weather, including average conditions and the full range of variation
climate
directional change in climate over a period of at least three decades
climate change
which latitudes get more sun rays
lower latitudes (towards the middle of the earth) because its a direct hit
vs at higher latitudes (near poles), the suns rays hit at an angle and therefore the sun rays are spread out more and less concentrated
why does the sun/solar energy hit the earth at different degrees?
because the earth is round
annually the earth gets the most solar energy where?
at the equator
the earth tilts at what degrees
axial tilt of 23.4 degrees
why do we have seasons
due to the earth’s journey around the sun, variation in solar radiation across latitudes