anatomy Flashcards
bones of the head, trunk, vertebral column, and thorax
axial skeleton
bones of the upper limbs and lower limbs including the shoulder and pelvic girdles
appendicular skeleton
a strong connective tissue containing specialized cells and a mineralized matrix of crystalline calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate
osseous tissue/bone tissue
bone cells responsible for the maintenance and turnover of the mineral content of the surrounding bone
Osteocytes
what is bone production called
osteogenesis
the breakdown of the mineral matrix of bone
Osteolysis
what is another name for the pectoral girdle
shoulder girdle
what does the pectoral girdle consist of
one each side:
1 clavicle
1 scapula
what does the upper limb consist of
on each side:
1 humerus
1 ulna
1 radius
8 carpal
5 metacarpal
14 phalanges
what is the name of the triangular bone lying on the posterior surface of the thorax
scapula
what does the clavicle do?
connects the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton + transfers some of the weight from the upper limb to the axial skeleton
what is another name for the collarbone
the clavicle
what is another name for the scapula?
the shoulder blade
lower limb articulates with the axial skeleton through what
the pelvic girdle
acromial end of clavicle articulates with the
acromion of the scapula
another name for the thumb is
pollex
the hip bone is made of which three bones?
- ilium
- ischium
- pubis
immovable joints are called
synarthrosis
slightly movable joints are called
amphiarthrosis
freely movable joints are called
diarthrosis
joints found only in the skull
sutures
fibrous joint between teeth and jaw bones
gomphosis
moving away from the body
abduction
moving toward the body
adduction
decreases the angle between the bones at a joint
flexion
increases the angle between the bones at a joint
extension
extending beyond the normal limits
hyperextension
study of structures and features that can be seen with the naked eye
gross anatomy
microscopic study of tissues
histology
what is the front facing position, you can see the persons face
anterior view
what is the back facing position, you can see the persons bum
posterior view
what is the position in which the person is laying face down
prone
what is the position in which the person is laying face up, they are laying on their back
supine
away from the midline
lateral
toward the midline
medial
toward a base
proximal
away from the base
distal
at or close to body surface
superficial
further from surface, toward interior
deep
toward the head
cranial (cephalic)