Antimicrobial Peptides Defensins

Question 1

what defensins have that make them important

Answer 1

direct toxicity to microbes: bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses

Question 1

LL-37

Answer 1

can bind and neutralize LPS also has anti-inflammatory role by blocking DNA’s AIM2 inflammasome activation

Question 2

Cathelicidins are How are cathelicidins produced?

Answer 2

produced by neutrophils and barrier cells in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract synthesized as an 18 kD two domain precursor protein that is proteolytically leaved into two protective peptides

Question 2

C-terminal fragment of the cathelcidin

Answer 2

LL-37

Question 3

Cethelcidins are synthesized in response to

Answer 3

cytokines and microbial products

Question 5

Defensins: two kinds

Answer 5

alpha and beta, produced by different cells

Question 6

Defensins are Where are defeins produced

Answer 6

small cationic peptides that contain both hydrophobic AND cationic regions in epithelial cells of mucosal surfaces AND by granule containing leukocytes including neutrophils, NK cells, and CTLs

Question 7

Mechanisms by which cathelicidins operate

Answer 7

direct toxicity and activation of leukocytes

Question 9

Defensins kill by

Answer 9

inserting into and disrupting functions of the microbial membranes

Question 10

Defensins are synthesized in response to

Answer 10

cytokines and microbial products

Question 11

apart from immediate antimicrobial defense, defensins also

Answer 11

regulate activation of cells involved inflammatory responses to microbes