9B.1 Flashcards
what is a revirsible reaction
it is a reaction that can go both forward and reverse with it releasing a small amount of energy (enthalpy change) and with the reactants not going into completion
why are some reactions irreversible
because they release a large amount of energy making the reaction go to completion
how do we find out if a reaction is reversible or not
by calculating the concentrations of the products and reactants
the complete reaction is determined when
99% of the reaction is complete
what is equilibrium
it is when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction in an enclosed system at macroscopic conditions
what is a dynamic equilibrium reaction
when both the forward and the backward reactions are taking place at the same time but also at the same rate, ie no overall change in concentration in products and reactants
what is a homogeneous reaction
a reaction where all the molecules are in the same state
what is a heterogeneous reaction
a reaction where the molecule dont have the same state
what are macroscopic properties
having the same density, concentration, pressure, colour
how is equilibrium reached
at the start of the reaction, the forward reaction is going really fast, and there is no opposing reverse reaction, as more products are made the reverse reactions begin with the concentration of the reactants decreases causing the forward reaction to decrease and the reverse reaction to increasing till the rate if the forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction forming equilibrium
what are the two conditions for dynamic equilibrium
- the reaction must be reversible
2. the reaction must take place in an enclosed system
whta are the 3 features present in dynamic equilibrium
- both the forward and the backward reaction is occurring continuously
- the rate of forward creation is equal to the rate of backward reaction
- the concentration of products and reactants remains constant
