8B.5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is thermal stability

A

the measure of the extent to which a compound decomposes when heated

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2
Q

why are group 2 nitrates and carbonates decompose but group 1 chlorides melt

A
  1. the charge in the group 2 cation is double the group 1 cation
  2. group 2 cation has a smaller ionic radius compared to group 1 cation
  3. the nitrate (NO3^-) and the carbonate (CO3^-2) anions are more complex than the chloride (Cl^-) anion
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3
Q

in decomposition what will happen to the nitrate ion

A

it will become a smaller more stable nitrate ion (NO2^-) and oxide ion (O^-2) by decomposing and releasing oxygen or nitrogen dioxide gas

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4
Q

in decomposition what will happen to the carbonate ion

A

it will become a smaller more stable oxide ion (O^-2) by decomposing and releasing carbon dioxide gas

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5
Q

what affects the stability of the nitrate and carbonate ions

A

by the size and charge of the cations

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6
Q

which element has the highest influence on the stability of the nitrate and the carbonate ions

A

beryllium

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7
Q

which element has the weakest influence on the stability of the nitrate and the carbonate ions

A

Cesium

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8
Q

what do we observe in the decomposition of group 1 and 2 nitrates

A

sometimes a brown flame from the nitrogen gas is released, and if the nitrate contains water of crystallization then steam would be observed as well

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9
Q

if brown flames weren’t observed in the decomposition of group 1 and 2 nitrates what does that mean

A

that the metal does have a weak influence on the nitrate ion and we would have a lesser decomposition

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10
Q

how can we detect oxygen when groups 1 and 2 decomposes

A

by using a glowing splint relights if oxygen present

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11
Q

what is the equation for the lesser decomposition of group 1 and 2 metals

A

metal nitrate —-> metal nitrite + Oxygen

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12
Q

how are nitrate and nitrite represented

A

by using oxidation number
Nitrate (V) is nitrate
nitrate(III) is nitirte

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13
Q

what is the equation for the greater decomposition of group 1 and 2 metals

A

metal nitrate —> metal oxide + nitrogen dioxide + nitrogen

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14
Q

when does the greater decomposition most likely occur

A

with a larger charge and a smaller cation

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15
Q

is group 1 metal greater or a lesser decomposition

A

lesser with only Li as an exception since it has the smallest radius

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16
Q

is group 2 a greater or a lesser decomposition

A

greater decomposition with Berlluim having the greatest decomposition

17
Q

when groups 1 and 2 carbonates are heated what happens

A

they either decompose or not decompose

18
Q

what are group 1 and 2 carbonates and nitrates look like

A

white solids

19
Q

can there be any observation made in the decomposition of group 1 and 2 carbonates?

A

no observation can be made

20
Q

is there decomposition in group 1 carbonates

A

no decomposition other than LI

21
Q

is there decomposition in group 2 carbonates

A

yes all of em

22
Q

what is the general formula of decomposition of metals

A

group 2: MCO3 ——> MO + CO2

group 1: M2CO3 ——> M2O + CO2