4A.6 Types Of Reaction Flashcards
what is addition reactions
it is when two molecules combine to form one molecule
what is an example of addition reaction
ethene and bromine (C2H4 + Br2 ——> C2H4Br2
what are substitution reactions
when one atom or group replaces another atom or group (displacement)
what is an example of substitution reactions
C2H4Br + KOH (aq) ——> C2H4OH + KBr (aq)
C2H4Br + OH ——> C2H4OH + Br
what is oxidation reactions
when a compound gains oxygen or loses a hydrogen
why dont we not show the inorganic regent in oxidation reactions
because it is very complicated
how are the oxygen atoms produced by the oxidation agent represented in oxidation reactions
as [O}
what is an example of oxidation reactions
C2H5OH + {O} ——> CH3CHO + H2O
what is a reduction reaction
it is when a substance loses oxygen and gains a hydrogen
what is an example of a reduction reaction
C2H4 +H2 —–> C2H6
what is a polymerization reaction
it is when alot of small molecules react together to form one large molecule
how do we represent a molecule after polymerization
–[–H H -C-C- H H–]–n
what is the type to break a covenant bond
- homolytic fission
2. heterolytic fission
what is homolytic fission
the breaking of a covalent bond, here each of the bonded electrons would leave with one species, forming a free radical
what is a free radical
a species that contains an unpaired electron
heterolytic fission usually occurs between which atoms
it occurs between identical atoms or with atoms with similar electronegativity,
what is heterolytic fission
the breaking of a covalent bond where both electrons bonded pair are taken by a single atoms
homolytic fission usually occurs between which atoms
atoms that have very different electronegativity
the bonded pair gets taken by which atom in heterolytic fission
the one with the higher electronegativity
in heterolytic fission, the atom that takes both electrons forms a…
negative ion
in heterolytic fission, the atom that doesn’t take any electrons forms a…
positive ion
what is an electrophile
it is a substance that is attracted to region of high electron density.
what is an example of an electrophile
the positive ion produced in heterolytic fission
