7.1.1 Cognition and Dementia Flashcards
What are the limitations of clinical mental status evaluation?
Most of the mental status exams are biased toward testing the dominant hemisphere.
How will you be able to diagnose a focal vs diffuse encephalopathy?
Assessments are designed to determine parts of the brain that are affected. These are broken down into language (dominant), Memory (midline), and Construction (non-dominant). If it is affecting language, but not memory or construction, then it could be thought to be focal. If it affects language, memory and construction, it will be a diffuse process occurring.
What are the three factors tested in aphasia?
Fluency
Comprehension
Repetition
What are the characteristics of Broca’s aphasia?
Fluidity - Nonfluent
Comprehension - Intact
Reptition - Impaired
Broca = Broken Boca (boca = mouth in Spanish)
What are the characteristics of Wernicke’s Aphasia?
Fluidity - Fluent
Comprehension - Impaired
Repetition - Impaired
Wernicke is Wordy but makes no sense
What are the characteristics of Conduction Aphasia?
Fluidity - Fluent
Comprehension - Intact
Repetition - Impaired
Caused by damage to arcuate fasciculus
What are the characteristics of Trans-cortical sensory aphasia?
Fluidity - Fluent
Comprehension - Impaired
Repetition - Intact
Affects temporal area around Wernicke area, but Wernicke area is spared
What are the characteristics of Trans-cortical motor aphasia?
Fluidity - Nonfluent
Comprehension - Intact
Repetition - Intact
What is a diffuse cortical vs subcortical disease?
Cortical - Alzheimer’s
Subcortical - Parkinson’s (Will have muscle problems)
What is dementia?
What are the most common etiologies of dementia?
Alzheimer’s
Vascular Dementia (Multifocal Cortical Infarcts, Subcortical Ischemia)
Parkinson’s Disease
Lewy Body Dementia
