Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain and Behavior > 1.4.1 Neurodevelopment II > Flashcards

1.4.1 Neurodevelopment II Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

How do trophic factors and neurodegeneration play a role in Huntington’s?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bilateral Horner’s Syndrome is a feature of CIPA. What is it?

A

Dry skin, constricted pupils, and drooping of the eyelid

Infection due to overzealous scratching or rubbing, especially during sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the receptor for NT-3?

A

TrkC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are trophic factors?

A
  • Proteins involved in the regulation of survival of neurons during development
  • Endogenous, soluble proteins regulating the survival, growth, morphological plasticity, or synthesis of proteins for differentiated functions of neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What neuronal populations are supported by NGF?

A
  • Sympathetic
  • Nociceptive Sensory
  • Cholinergic basal forebrain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Addition of exogenous trophins can lead to what in neuronal development?

A

-results in additional retention of neurons despite same amount of target tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the developmental actions of neurotrophins.

A
  • Prior to innervation, there is a surplus of neurons having the potential to contact a target
  • Properties of the target determine the final number of neurons innervating the target
  • The rest of the neurons undergo naturally occuring cell death (NOCD)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do trophic factors and neurodegeneration play a role in peripheral neuropathy?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antibodies against NGF have been used to treat?

A

Chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Depriving neuronal cells of their trophic factors will result in what?

A

-Deprivation of trophic factors will result in structural changes similar to axonal injury

-Axotomy – deprivation of trophic factors (cut axon) → axon undergoes Wallerian degeneration → swelling of cell body → chromatolysis (dispersal of Nissl substance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the receptor for NGF?

A

TrkA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the underlying cause of CIPA?

A
  • Caused by loss of function genetic mutation preventing the formation and development of sympathetic nerve cells responsible for transmitting signals of pain, heat, and cold to the brain
  • Mutation is specifically in the gene encoding the TrkA (NTRK1 gene) receptor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What neuronal populations are supported by BDNF NT-4/5?

A
  • Motoneurons (alpha)
  • Vestibular & Peripheral Sensory
  • Cranial Ganglion
  • Cortical neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Addition of antibodies to trophic factors can lead to what in developing neuronal populations?

A

results in increased NOCD despite same amount of target tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical delivery of trophic factors depends on?

A

Delivery to where they exert their force, not where they are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do trophic factors and neurodegeneration play a role in Alzheimer’s?

A
17
Q

What are the features of CIPA?

A

-Genetic disorder preventing pain sensation, heat, cold, or any nerve-related sensations and includes inability to sweat

18
Q

What is the receptor for BDNF/NT-4/5?

A

TrkB

19
Q

The family of neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, etc.) have one receptor they can bind in common. What is this receptor?

A

p75

20
Q

How do trophic factors and neurodegeneration play a role in Parkinson’s?

A
21
Q

What are some of the different types of trophic interactions?

A

target to neuron

neuron to neuron (CNS)

glia to neuron

anterograde (transmission) or retrograde (apoptosis)

paracrine or autocrine

22
Q

Neurotrophic actions are mediated by?

A

Transport of receptor-ligand complexes to the soma

This process will be altered anytime that retrograde transport is affected

23
Q

How do trophic factors and neurodegeneration play a role in ALS?

A
24
Q

What is the neurotrophic hypothesis?

A

production of limited amounts of neurotrophin by target areas retrogradely supports a select number of neurons, thus matching the size of neuron populations to the size of the target innervation fields

25
Q

What neuronal populations are supported by NT-3?

A
  • Proprioceptive sensory
  • Motorneurons (gamma)
  • Cranial Ganglion
  • Corticospinal Neurons
26
Q

What is CIPA?

A

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis

Brain and Behavior (89 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions