6.2 Physiology of the Endocrine System Part 6 Flashcards
What are the male sex hormones and what produces them?
androgens
testes
What are the female sex hormones and what produces them?
estrogen and progesterone
ovaries
What controls the hormonal secretions of the testes and ovaries and how?
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
through FSH and LH
What are the functions of testosterone?
- development and function of the sex organs
- maturation of sperm
- stimulates the growth of the penis and testes during puberty
- brings about and maintains the secondary sex characteristics during puberty
- sex drive
What are the secondary sex characteristics in males?
beard
body hair
pubic hair
enlarged vocal cords
increased muscular strength
What does FSH cause in the ovaries?
1.causes the development of a follicle on the ovary to mature before ovulation
2. increases estrogen production
What does LH cause in the ovary?
causes ovulation to occur
What is the key hormone for maintenance of pregnancy?
progesterone
What does the release of progesterone facilitate?
potential fertilization and pregnancy
What are the effects of estrogen on the body?
- stimulates the growth of the uterus and vagina during puberty
- egg maturation in the ovary
- secondary sex characteristics in females
- breast development and regulation of uterine cycle
What are some secondary sex characteristics of females?
female body hair
increase in fat
pelvic girdle enlarges
What are the effects of progesterone on the body?
- breast development
- regulation of uterine cycle
Do both males and females produce all the sex hormones?
yes; in varying ratios
When is the thymus the largest and most active?
during childhood
What occurs to the thymus during aging?
gets smaller and turns fattier
